eutech-instruments cadmium epoxy User Manual
Cadmium Electrode
Instruction Manual
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS .......................................................................................................... 3
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................3
Required Equipment ...................................................................................................................................3
Required Solutions......................................................................................................................................3
Required Equipment ...................................................................................................................................3
Required Solutions......................................................................................................................................3
GENERAL PREPARATION............................................................................................................ 4
Electrode Preparation..................................................................................................................................4
Electrode Slope Check (with a pH/mV meter) ...........................................................................................4
Electrode Slope Check (with ion meter).....................................................................................................4
Electrode Slope Check (with a pH/mV meter) ...........................................................................................4
Electrode Slope Check (with ion meter).....................................................................................................4
MEASUREMENT.............................................................................................................................. 5
Measuring Hints..........................................................................................................................................5
Sample Requirements .................................................................................................................................5
Units of Measurement.................................................................................................................................6
Sample Requirements .................................................................................................................................5
Units of Measurement.................................................................................................................................6
MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE ................................................................................................... 6
Direct Measurement....................................................................................................................................6
Direct Measurement of Cadmium (using a pH/mV meter).........................................................................6
Direct Measurement of Cadmium (using an ion meter)..............................................................................7
Low Level Cadmium Determination (using a pH/mV meter) ....................................................................8
Low Level Cadmium Determination (using an ion meter) .........................................................................9
Titration ......................................................................................................................................................9
Titration of Cadmium ...............................................................................................................................10
Direct Measurement of Cadmium (using a pH/mV meter).........................................................................6
Direct Measurement of Cadmium (using an ion meter)..............................................................................7
Low Level Cadmium Determination (using a pH/mV meter) ....................................................................8
Low Level Cadmium Determination (using an ion meter) .........................................................................9
Titration ......................................................................................................................................................9
Titration of Cadmium ...............................................................................................................................10
ELECTRODE CHARACTERISTICS........................................................................................... 11
Reproducibility .........................................................................................................................................11
Interferences .............................................................................................................................................11
Precipitation and Complexation................................................................................................................11
Temperature Influences ............................................................................................................................12
Electrode Response...................................................................................................................................12
Limits of Detection ...................................................................................................................................13
pH Effects .................................................................................................................................................13
Electrode Life ...........................................................................................................................................14
Electrode Storage......................................................................................................................................14
Interferences .............................................................................................................................................11
Precipitation and Complexation................................................................................................................11
Temperature Influences ............................................................................................................................12
Electrode Response...................................................................................................................................12
Limits of Detection ...................................................................................................................................13
pH Effects .................................................................................................................................................13
Electrode Life ...........................................................................................................................................14
Electrode Storage......................................................................................................................................14
ELECTRODE THEORY ................................................................................................................ 14
Electrode Operation ..................................................................................................................................14
TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE .................................................................................................... 15
Meter.........................................................................................................................................................16
Glass-ware ................................................................................................................................................16
Electrodes .................................................................................................................................................16
Standards and Reagents ............................................................................................................................16
Sample ......................................................................................................................................................17
Technique .................................................................................................................................................17
Glass-ware ................................................................................................................................................16
Electrodes .................................................................................................................................................16
Standards and Reagents ............................................................................................................................16
Sample ......................................................................................................................................................17
Technique .................................................................................................................................................17
TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS..................................................................................................... 18
SPECIFICATIONS.......................................................................................................................... 20
ORDERING INFORMATION....................................................................................................... 20