Atmel ATmega328P Xplained Mini MEGA328P-XMINI MEGA328P-XMINI Data Sheet

Product codes
MEGA328P-XMINI
Page of 657
33
ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P [DATASHEET]
Atmel-8271H-AVR- ATmega-Datasheet_08/2014
9.5
Low Frequency Crystal Oscillator
The Low-frequency Crystal Oscillator is optimized for use with a 32.768kHz watch crystal. When selecting 
crystals, load capacitance and crystal’s Equivalent Series Resistance, ESR must be taken into consideration. 
Both values are specified by the crystal vendor. ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P oscillator is optimized 
for very low power consumption, and thus when selecting crystals, see 
 for maximum ESR 
recommendations on 6.5pF, 9.0pF and 12.5pF crystals
Note:
1. Maximum ESR is typical value based on characterization
The Low-frequency Crystal Oscillator provides an internal load capacitance, se
 at each TOSC pin. 
The capacitance (Ce+Ci) needed at each TOSC pin can be calculated by using:
where:
̶
Ce - is optional external capacitors as described in 
̶
Ci - is the pin capacitance in 
 
̶
CL - is the load capacitance for a 32.768kHz crystal specified by the crystal vendor 
̶
CS - is the total stray capacitance for one TOSC pin.
Crystals specifying load capacitance (CL) higher than 6 pF, require external capacitors applied as described in 
The Low-frequency Crystal Oscillator must be selected by setting the CKSEL Fuses to “0110” or “0111”, as 
shown in 
. Start-up times are determined by the SUT Fuses as shown in 
Table 9-7.
Maximum ESR Recommendation for 32.768kHz Crystal
Crystal CL (pF)
Max ESR [k
]
6.5
75
9.0
65
12.5
30
Table 9-8.
Capacitance for Low-frequency Oscillator
Device
32kHz Osc. Type
Cap(Xtal1/Tosc1)
Cap(Xtal2/Tosc2)
ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/3
28/P
System Osc.
18pF
8pF
Timer Osc.
18pF
8pF
Table 9-9.
Start-up Times for the Low-frequency Crystal Oscillator Clock Selection
SUT1...0
 Additional Delay from Reset (V
CC
 = 5.0V)
Recommended Usage
00
4 CK
Fast rising power or BOD enabled
01
4 CK + 4.1ms
Slowly rising power
10
4 CK + 65ms
Stable frequency at start-up
11
Reserved
C
CL
C
s
=