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Calcium Electrode
Instruction Manual
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS .......................................................................................................... 3
Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................3
Required Equipment.................................................................................................................................3
Required Solutions ...................................................................................................................................3
Required Equipment.................................................................................................................................3
Required Solutions ...................................................................................................................................3
GENERAL PREPARATION............................................................................................................ 4
Electrode Preparation ...............................................................................................................................4
Electrode Slope Check (with pH/mV meter) ...........................................................................................4
Electrode Slope Check (with ion meter) ..................................................................................................5
Electrode Slope Check (with pH/mV meter) ...........................................................................................4
Electrode Slope Check (with ion meter) ..................................................................................................5
MEASUREMENT.............................................................................................................................. 5
Measuring Hints .......................................................................................................................................5
Sample Requirements...............................................................................................................................6
Units of Measurement ..............................................................................................................................6
Sample Requirements...............................................................................................................................6
Units of Measurement ..............................................................................................................................6
MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE ................................................................................................... 6
Direct Measurement .................................................................................................................................6
Direct Measurement of Calcium (using a pH/mV meter) ........................................................................6
Direct Measurement of Calcium (using an ion meter) .............................................................................8
Low Level Calcium Determination (using a pH/mV meter) ....................................................................8
Low Level Calcium Determination (using an ion meter).........................................................................9
Titration....................................................................................................................................................9
Titration of Calcium ...............................................................................................................................10
Direct Measurement of Calcium (using a pH/mV meter) ........................................................................6
Direct Measurement of Calcium (using an ion meter) .............................................................................8
Low Level Calcium Determination (using a pH/mV meter) ....................................................................8
Low Level Calcium Determination (using an ion meter).........................................................................9
Titration....................................................................................................................................................9
Titration of Calcium ...............................................................................................................................10
ELECTRODE CHARACTERISTICS........................................................................................... 11
Reproducibility.......................................................................................................................................11
Interferences ...........................................................................................................................................11
Complexation .........................................................................................................................................12
Temperature Influences..........................................................................................................................12
Electrode Response ................................................................................................................................13
Limits of Detection.................................................................................................................................13
Electrode Life.........................................................................................................................................13
Electrode Storage ...................................................................................................................................14
Interferences ...........................................................................................................................................11
Complexation .........................................................................................................................................12
Temperature Influences..........................................................................................................................12
Electrode Response ................................................................................................................................13
Limits of Detection.................................................................................................................................13
Electrode Life.........................................................................................................................................13
Electrode Storage ...................................................................................................................................14
ELECTRODE THEORY ................................................................................................................ 14
Electrode Operation ...............................................................................................................................14
TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE .................................................................................................... 15
Meter ......................................................................................................................................................15
Glass-ware..............................................................................................................................................15
Electrodes ...............................................................................................................................................15
Standards and Reagents..........................................................................................................................16
Sample....................................................................................................................................................16
Technique...............................................................................................................................................16
Glass-ware..............................................................................................................................................15
Electrodes ...............................................................................................................................................15
Standards and Reagents..........................................................................................................................16
Sample....................................................................................................................................................16
Technique...............................................................................................................................................16
TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS..................................................................................................... 17
SPECIFICATIONS.......................................................................................................................... 19
ORDERING INFORMATION....................................................................................................... 19