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C and C++ Source-Level Optimizations
Chapter 2
25112
Rev. 3.06
September 2005
Software Optimization Guide for AMD64 Processors
2.22
Array Indices
Optimization
The preferred type for array indices is ptrdiff_t.
Application
This optimization applies to:
32-bit software
64-bit software
Rationale
Array indices are often used with pointers while doing arithmetic. Using ptrdiff_t produces more 
portable code and will generally provide good performance.