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Glossary
  
A
Glossary
AES/EBU
A standard established jointly by the 
AES (Audio Engineering Society) 
and EBU (European Broadcasting 
Union) for serial transmission of 
digital audio. Two channels of audio 
can be transmitted via a single 
connector.
Aliasing
Distortion which occurs during 
sampling to convert analog signals to 
digital.
ATW
Auto Tracing White balance. The 
white balance is automatically 
adjusted for the lighting conditions 
during shooting.
Bayonet type
A type of lens mount. The lens can be 
inserted into the lens mount and fixed 
in place by rotating a ring.
Black balance
To balance the black level of the R, 
G, and B signals so that black has no 
color.
Black set
A reference level for black balance 
adjustment.
CCD
Abbreviation for charge-coupled 
device. A semiconductor device used 
in place of a camera pickup tube. A 
semiconductor used in place of a 
camera tube. The CCD converts light 
into electrical charge, and outputs the 
electrical charge in the form of 
varying voltages.
Center marker
A cross on the viewfinder screen that 
indicates the center of an image.
Clip
A recording unit. Clips are created 
every time recording starts and stops.
Clip list
A list of locations in the material 
recorded on the disc, arranged in any 
order. Clips lists can be created with 
the scene selection function of this 
unit, and with the supplied PDZ-1 
Proxy Browsing Software.
Color bar signals
Test signals displayed on the screen 
as multicolored vertical stripes. Used 
for adjustment of hue, and saturation 
of a video camera and video monitor.
Color subcarrier
In a composite video signal, a signal 
superimposed upon the picture 
(luminance) information for the 
purpose of conveying the associated 
color information. Color and 
saturation information is conveyed 
by the phase and amplitude of the 
color subcarrier. Also called 
subcarrier.
Color temperature
The color quality of light, expressed 
in Kelvin (K).
Reddish colors have a lower color 
temperature, and blueish colors a 
higher color temperature.
CRT
Cathode-Ray Tube. Video camera 
viewfinders are equipped with a CRT 
image display, so you can monitor 
what you are shooting.
DCC
Abbreviation for dynamic contrast 
control. To provide a larger dynamic 
range for a video camera (the range 
of brightnesses of subjects that can be 
handled by the imaging device), the 
knee-point is automatically adjusted 
with variations in the incident light.
Drop-frame mode
SMPTE timecode runs at 30 frames/
second, while the NTSC color 
television system runs at about 29.97 
frames/second. Drop-frame mode 
adjusts the running of timecode to 
eliminate the discrepancy between 
timecode value and actual time by 
dropping two frames from the 
timecode value at the beginning of 
each minute except every tenth 
minute.
EBU
Abbreviation for European 
Broadcasting Union. A professional 
broadcasting establishment in 
Europe.
E-E mode
Electric-to-Electric mode. When you 
operate a VDR in E-E mode, input 
video and/or audio signals pass 
through electric circuits only and 
then come out from the output 
connectors, without passing through 
electromagnetic conversion circuits 
such as recording heads.
EFP
Electronic Field Production. The use 
of electronic equipment such as 
portable video cameras, VTRs, and 
sound equipment for television 
production outside studios.
ENG
Electronic News Gathering. The use 
of electronic equipment such as 
portable video cameras, VTRs, and 
sound equipment for the production 
of daily news stories and short 
documentaries.
Essence mark
A type of metadata that may be set for 
a specified frame.
EXT TC (External timecode)
A timecode input from external 
equipment together with audio data. 
It corresponds to the conventional 
timecode recorded on tape based 
media. Instead the EXT TC is usually 
used to record timecodes and audio 
signals that are played back by 
equipment that is not synchronized 
with the reference video signal.
Flange focal length
The distance from the plane of lens 
mounting flange to the image focal 
plane. Abbreviated to Ff.
Flare
Dark or colored flashes caused by 
signal overload through extreme light 
reflections of polished objects or very 
bright lights.
Flicker
Repeated changes in screen 
brightness caused by an interference