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802.1x is an IEEE authentication specification which prevents the client from accessing a wireless access point or wired 

switch until it provides authority, like the user name and password that are verified by an authentication server (such as 

RADIUS server). 

 

The IEEE 802.1X standard defines a client-server-based access control and authentication protocol that restricts 

unauthorized clients from connecting to a LAN through publicly accessible ports. The authentication server authenticates 

each client connected to a switch port before making available any services offered by the switch or the LAN.   

Until the client is authenticated, 802.1X access control allows only Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN 

 traffic through the port to which the client is connected. After authentication is successful, normal traffic can pass 

through the port. 

This section includes this conceptual information: 

• Device Roles 

•  Authentication Initiation and Message Exchange 

•  Ports in Authorized and Unauthorized States 

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With 802.1X port-based authentication, the devices in the network have specific roles as shown below. 

 

 802.1x device role 

—the device (workstation) that requests access to the LAN and switch services and responds to requests from the 

switch. The workstation must be running 802.1X-compliant client software such as that offered in the Microsoft Windows XP 

operating system. (The client is the supplicant in the IEEE 802.1X specification.)   

 

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—performs the actual authentication of the client. The authentication server validates the 

identity of the client and notifies the switch whether or not the client is authorized to access the LAN and switch 

services. Because the switch acts as the proxy, the authentication service is transparent to the client. In this release, 

the Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) security system with Extensible Authentication 

 extensions is the only supported authentication server; it is available in Cisco Secure Access 

Control Server version 3.0. RADIUS operates in a client/server model in which secure authentication information is