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The Switch allows for two levels of operation: the switch level and the port level. The switch level forms a spanning tree 

consisting of links between one or more switches. The port level constructs a spanning tree consisting of groups of one or 

more ports. The STP operates in much the same way for both levels. 

 

 

On the switch level, STP calculates the Bridge Identifier for each switch and then sets the Root 

Bridge and the Designated Bridges. 

On the port level, STP sets the Root Port and the Designated Ports. 

The following are the user-configurable STP parameters for the switch level: 

A combination of the User-set priority and 

the switch’s MAC address.   

The Bridge Identifier consists of two parts:   

a 16-bit priority and a 48-bit Ethernet MAC 

address 32768 + MAC. 

 + 

 

A relative priority for each switch – lower 

numbers give a higher priority and a greater 

chance of a given switch being elected as 

the root bridge. 

The length of time between broadcasts of 

the hello message by the switch. 

 seconds 

Measures the age of a received BPDU for a 

port and ensures that the BPDU is discarded 

when its age exceeds the value of the 

maximum age timer. 

 seconds 

The amount time spent by a port in the 

learning and listening states waiting for a 

BPDU that may return the port to the 

blocking state. 

 seconds 

 

The following are the user-configurable STP parameters for the port or port group level: 

 

A relative priority for each   

port –lower numbers give a higher priority 

and a greater chance of a given port being 

elected as the root port.