Fujitsu UDS/SQL V2.5 Benutzerhandbuch

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5
Chain
Sequential access
When records are processed in their logical order, a maximum of one disk access for 
each member record is required. The number of accesses can be considerably reduced 
by optimizing the placement of the records (see 
). If the logical order is not 
adhered to, UDS/SQL will normally have to search large parts of the set occurrence 
which may involve a large number of disk accesses. It should be noted that for reading 
a preceding record UDS/SQL must search the set occurrence from the beginning 
unless backward chaining has been specified. 
If the physical placement of the records changes frequently (e.g. if member records for 
a different set are stored as a list), it is advisable to perform occasional reorganization 
runs in order to keep the PPPs current (see the "
" manual, BREORG). 
Direct access 
ORDER IS SORTED INDEXED: 
Analogous to direct access in pointer array. 
ORDER IS LAST/FIRST/NEXT/PRIOR/SORTED: 
On average, UDS/SQL must search half a set occurrence to find a record. A 
maximum of one disk access per record is required. 
Insertion 
When a record is inserted, it is linked to the preceding and to the subsequent record by 
means of pointers.
For this reason, UDS/SQL updates the records preceding and, in the case of backward 
chaining, following the record inserted. 
ORDER IS SORTED [INDEXED]: 
UDS/SQL finds the place where the record is inserted by direct access. 
ORDER IS LAST/FIRST/NEXT: 
A pointer points from the owner record to the preceding record, or the owner record 
is the preceding record, or the preceding record is immediately obtainable by 
means of the currency information. Insertion of the record requires a maximum of 
two disk accesses. 
ORDER IS PRIOR: 
UDS/SQL must search the set occurrence from the beginning unless backward 
chaining has been specified. If backward chaining has been specified, insertion of 
a record requires a maximum of three disk accesses.