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Standalones
3-3
The Workgroup Approach
Management of Standalones
As standalone devices became more complex, the need to control them became 
greater. The need to have some form of troubleshooting and control process in 
place for an eight-port repeater is minimal. In a repeated network where more 
than 200 users are connected to a single repeater, management capabilities are no 
longer luxuries, they are a necessity. The advent of standalone bridges, which 
required software configuration and monitoring, marked the introduction of 
management capabilities to the standalone devices.
While the most basic standalone devices were unable to support any management 
and control operations, networking hardware vendors such as Cabletron Systems 
began to incorporate management functions into their devices, making intelligent 
networking devices. The growth of networks and the control offered by these 
intelligent devices paved the way for the modular networking chassis, or hub. 
Standalones could handle the growing size of networks, but not always the 
growing complexity. The modular chassis allowed facility networks to support far 
greater numbers of users from a single location than was possible with standalone 
devices.
Limitations of Standalones
In time, the networking market broke into facilities that were small enough to use 
standalone networking devices and facilities that required the control and 
flexibility of the modular hub. As this trend continued, a gap widened between 
the low-cost, low-flexibility standalone devices and the more expensive, more 
flexible modular chassis. Facilities that had opted to use standalone devices were 
painting themselves into a corner. The standalone devices had no option for 
adding more users other than expanding the network. There were no options 
available for adding new networking technologies to the standalone devices, and 
any upgrade to the capabilities of the network would involve a costly, 
all-or-nothing replacement of all equipment.
At the same time, the limitations that nobody thought they would reach became 
very real threats to the continued growth of networks reliant on standalones. That 
old repeater rule, which Network Managers had been able to get around with 
clever tricks of physical layout, was looming on the horizon, and user counts 
continued to climb.