Benutzerhandbuch für ZyXEL Communications GS-4012F/4024

Inhaltsverzeichnis

• User’s Guide

  1
• Copyright

  2
• Interference Statements and Warnings

  3
• ZyXEL Limited Warranty

  5
• Customer Support

  6
• Table of Contents

  8
• List of Figures

  20
• List of Tables

  26
• Preface

  30
• Getting to Know Your Switch

  32
  • 1.1 Introduction

    32
  • 1.2 Software Features

    32
  • 1.3 Hardware Features

    35
  • 1.4 Applications

    36
    • 1.4.1 Backbone Application

      36
    • 1.4.2 Bridging Example

      37
    • 1.4.3 High Performance Switching Example

      37
    • 1.4.4 IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Application Examples

      38
      • 1.4.4.1 Tag-based VLAN Example

        38
      • 1.4.4.2 VLAN Shared Server Example

        39
• Hardware Installation and Connection

  40
  • 2.1 Freestanding Installation

    40
  • 2.2 Mounting the Switch on a Rack

    41
    • 2.2.1 Rack-mounted Installation Requirements

      41
      • 2.2.1.1 Precautions

        41
    • 2.2.2 Attaching the Mounting Brackets to the Switch

      41
    • 2.2.3 Mounting the Switch on a Rack

      41
• Hardware Overview

  44
  • 3.1 Front Panel Connection

    44
    • 3.1.1 Console Port

      45
    • 3.1.2 Gigabit Ethernet Ports

      45
      • 3.1.2.1 Default Ethernet Settings

        45
    • 3.1.3 SFP Slots

      45
      • 3.1.3.1 Transceiver Installation

        46
      • 3.1.3.2 Transceiver Removal

        46
  • 3.2 Rear Panel

    47
    • 3.2.1 Power Connector

      47
    • 3.2.2 External Backup Power Supply Connector

      48
  • 3.3 Front Panel LEDs

    48
• The Web Configurator

  50
  • 4.1 Introduction

    50
  • 4.2 System Login

    50
  • 4.3 The Status Screen

    51
    • 4.3.1 Change Your Password

      55
  • 4.4 Switch Lockout

    56
  • 4.5 Resetting the Switch

    56
    • 4.5.1 Reload the Configuration File

      57
  • 4.6 Logging Out of the Web Configurator

    57
  • 4.7 Help

    58
• Initial Setup Example

  60
  • 5.1 Overview

    60
    • 5.1.1 Configuring an IP Interface

      60
    • 5.1.2 Configuring DHCP Server Settings

      61
    • 5.1.3 Creating a VLAN

      62
    • 5.1.4 Setting Port VID

      63
    • 5.1.5 Enabling RIP

      64
• System Status and Port Statistics

  66
  • 6.1 Overview

    66
  • 6.2 Port Status Summary

    66
    • 6.2.1 Port Details

      67
• Basic Setting

  72
  • 7.1 Overview

    72
  • 7.2 System Information

    72
  • 7.3 General Setup

    74
  • 7.4 Introduction to VLANs

    76
  • 7.5 IGMP Snooping

    77
  • 7.6 Switch Setup Screen

    77
  • 7.7 IP Setup

    79
    • 7.7.1 IP Interfaces

      79
  • 7.8 Port Setup

    81
• VLAN

  84
  • 8.1 Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLANs

    84
    • 8.1.1 Forwarding Tagged and Untagged Frames

      84
  • 8.2 Automatic VLAN Registration

    85
    • 8.2.1 GARP

      85
      • 8.2.1.1 GARP Timers

        85
    • 8.2.2 GVRP

      85
  • 8.3 Port VLAN Trunking

    86
  • 8.4 Select the VLAN Type

    86
  • 8.5 Static VLAN

    87
    • 8.5.1 Static VLAN Status

      87
    • 8.5.2 Configure a Static VLAN

      88
    • 8.5.3 Configure VLAN Port Settings

      90
  • 8.6 Port-based VLANs

    91
    • 8.6.1 Configure a Port-based VLAN

      91
• Static MAC Forward Setup

  94
  • 9.1 Overview

    94
  • 9.2 Configuring Static MAC Forwarding

    94
• Filtering

  96
  • 10.1 Overview

    96
  • 10.2 Configure a Filtering Rule

    96
• Spanning Tree Protocol

  98
  • 11.1.1 STP Terminology

    98
  • 11.1.2 How STP Works

    99
  • 11.1.3 STP Port States

    99
  • 11.2 STP Status

    99
    • 11.2.1 Configure STP

      101
• Bandwidth Control

  104
  • 12.1 Introduction to Bandwidth Control

    104
    • 12.1.1 CIR and PIR

      104
  • 12.2 Bandwidth Control Setup

    104
• Broadcast Storm Control

  106
  • 13.1 Overview

    106
  • 13.2 Broadcast Storm Control Setup

    106
• Mirroring

  108
  • 14.1 Overview

    108
  • 14.2 Port Mirroring Configuration

    108
• Link Aggregation

  110
  • 15.1 Overview

    110
    • 15.1.1 Dynamic Link Aggregation

      110
    • 15.1.2 Link Aggregation ID

      111
  • 15.2 Link Aggregation Status

    111
  • 15.3 Link Aggregation Setup

    112
• Port Authentication

  116
  • 16.1 Overview

    116
    • 16.1.1 RADIUS

      116
  • 16.2 Configuring Port Authentication

    116
    • 16.2.1 Activating IEEE 802.1x Security

      117
    • 16.2.2 Configuring RADIUS Server Settings

      118
• Port Security

  120
  • 17.1 Overview

    120
  • 17.2 Port Security Setup

    120
• Classifier

  122
  • 18.1 Overview

    122
  • 18.2 Configuring the Classifier

    122
  • 18.3 Viewing and Editing Classifier Configuration

    125
  • 18.4 Classifier Example

    126
• Policy Rule

  128
  • 19.1 Overview

    128
    • 19.1.1 DiffServ

      128
    • 19.1.2 DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior

      128
  • 19.2 Configuring Policy Rules

    128
  • 19.3 Viewing and Editing Policy Configuration

    131
  • 19.4 Policy Example

    132
• Queuing Method

  134
  • 20.1 Overview

    134
    • 20.1.1 Strict Priority Queuing (SPQ)

      134
    • 20.1.2 Weighted Round Robin Scheduling (WRR)

      135
  • 20.2 Configuring Queuing

    135
• VLAN Stacking

  138
  • 21.1 Introduction

    138
    • 21.1.1 VLAN Stacking Example

      138
  • 21.2 VLAN Stacking Port Roles

    139
  • 21.3 VLAN Tag Format

    139
    • 21.3.1 Frame Format

      140
  • 21.4 Configuring VLAN Stacking

    141
• Multicast

  144
  • 22.1.1 IP Multicast Addresses

    144
  • 22.1.2 IGMP Filtering

    144
  • 22.1.3 IGMP Snooping

    144
  • 22.2 Multicast Status

    145
    • 22.2.1 Multicast Setting

      145
    • 22.2.2 IGMP Filtering Profile

      147
    • 22.3.1 Types of MVR Ports

      149
    • 22.3.2 MVR Modes

      149
    • 22.3.3 How MVR Works

      149
  • 22.4 General MVR Configuration

    150
    • 22.5.1 MVR Configuration Example

      153
• Static Route

  156
  • 23.1 Configuring

    156
• RIP

  158
  • 24.1 Overview

    158
  • 24.2 Configuring

    158
• OSPF

  160
  • 25.1 Overview

    160
    • 25.1.1 OSPF Autonomous Systems and Areas

      160
    • 25.1.2 How OSPF Works

      161
    • 25.1.3 Interfaces and Virtual Links

      161
    • 25.1.4 Configuring OSPF

      161
  • 25.2 OSPF Status

    162
  • 25.3 Enabling OSPF and General Settings

    163
  • 25.4 Configuring OSPF Areas

    165
    • 25.4.1 Viewing OSPF Area Information Table

      166
  • 25.5 Configuring OSPF Interfaces

    167
  • 25.6 OSPF Virtual Links

    168
• IGMP

  172
  • 26.1 Overview

    172
  • 26.2 Configuring

    172
• DVMRP

  174
  • 27.1 Overview

    174
  • 27.2 How DVMRP Works

    174
    • 27.2.1 DVMRP Terminology

      175
  • 27.3 Configuring DVMRP

    175
    • 27.3.1 DVMRP Configuration Error Messages

      176
  • 27.4 Default DVMRP Timer Values

    177
• IP Multicast

  178
  • 28.1 Overview

    178
  • 28.2 Configuring

    178
• Differentiated Services

  180
  • 29.1 Overview

    180
    • 29.1.1 DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior

      180
    • 29.1.2 DiffServ Network Example

      180
  • 29.2 Activating DiffServ

    181
  • 29.3 DSCP-to-IEEE802.1p Priority Mapping

    182
    • 29.3.1 Configuring DSCP Settings

      182
• DHCP

  184
  • 30.1 Overview

    184
    • 30.1.1 DHCP modes

      184
  • 30.2 DHCP Server Status

    184
  • 30.3 Configuring DHCP Server

    185
    • 30.3.1 DHCP Server Configuration Example

      187
  • 30.4 DHCP Relay

    187
    • 30.4.1 DHCP Relay Agent Information

      188
    • 30.4.2 Configuring DHCP Relay

      188
    • 30.4.3 DHCP Relay Configuration Example

      189
• VRRP

  190
  • 31.1 Overview

    190
  • 31.2 Viewing VRRP Status

    191
  • 31.3 Configuring VRRP

    192
    • 31.3.1 IP Interface Setup

      192
    • 31.3.2 VRRP Parameters

      193
      • 31.3.2.1 Advertisement Interval

        193
      • 31.3.2.2 Priority

        193
      • 31.3.2.3 Preempt Mode

        193
    • 31.3.3 Configuring VRRP Parameters

      194
  • 31.4 VRRP Configuration Summary

    195
  • 31.5 VRRP Configuration Examples

    195
    • 31.5.1 One Subnet Network Example

      195
    • 31.5.2 Two Subnets Example

      197
• Maintenance

  200
  • 32.1 The Maintenance Screen

    200
  • 32.2 Firmware Upgrade

    200
  • 32.3 Restore a Configuration File

    201
  • 32.4 Backing Up a Configuration File

    201
  • 32.5 Load Factory Defaults

    202
  • 32.6 Reboot System

    202
  • 32.7 FTP Command Line

    203
    • 32.7.1 Filename Conventions

      203
      • 32.7.1.1 Example FTP Commands

        203
    • 32.7.2 FTP Command Line Procedure

      204
    • 32.7.3 GUI-based FTP Clients

      204
    • 32.7.4 FTP Restrictions

      205
• Access Control

  206
  • 33.1 Overview

    206
  • 33.2 The Access Control Main Screen

    206
  • 33.3 About SNMP

    207
    • 33.3.1 Supported MIBs

      208
    • 33.3.2 SNMP Traps

      208
    • 33.3.3 Configuring SNMP

      209
    • 33.3.4 Setting Up Login Accounts

      209
  • 33.4 SSH Overview

    211
  • 33.5 How SSH works

    211
  • 33.6 SSH Implementation on the Switch

    212
    • 33.6.1 Requirements for Using SSH

      212
  • 33.7 Introduction to HTTPS

    212
  • 33.8 HTTPS Example

    213
    • 33.8.1 Internet Explorer Warning Messages

      213
    • 33.8.2 Netscape Navigator Warning Messages

      214
    • 33.8.3 The Main Screen

      215
  • 33.9 Service Port Access Control

    217
  • 33.10 Remote Management

    217
• Diagnostic

  220
  • 34.1 Diagnostic

    220
• Cluster Management

  222
  • 35.1 Overview

    222
  • 35.2 Cluster Management Status

    223
    • 35.2.1 Cluster Member Switch Management

      224
      • 35.2.1.1 Uploading Firmware to a Cluster Member Switch

        224
  • 35.3 Configuring Cluster Management

    225
• MAC Table

  228
  • 36.1 Overview

    228
  • 36.2 Viewing the MAC Table

    229
• IP Table

  230
  • 37.1 Overview

    230
  • 37.2 Viewing the IP Table

    231
• ARP Table

  232
  • 38.1 Overview

    232
    • 38.1.1 How ARP Works

      232
  • 38.2 Viewing the ARP Table

    232
• Routing Table

  234
  • 39.1 Overview

    234
  • 39.2 Viewing the Routing Table

    234
• Introducing the Commands

  236
  • 40.1 Overview

    236
    • 40.1.1 Switch Configuration File

      236
  • 40.2 Accessing the CLI

    236
    • 40.2.1 Access Priority

      237
    • 40.2.2 The Console Port

      237
      • 40.2.2.1 Initial Screen

        237
    • 40.2.3 Telnet

      237
  • 40.3 The Login Screen

    238
  • 40.4 Command Syntax Conventions

    238
  • 40.5 Getting Help

    239
    • 40.5.1 List of Available Commands

      239
    • 40.5.2 Detailed Command Information

      240
  • 40.6 Command Modes

    240
  • 40.7 Using Command History

    241
  • 40.8 Saving Your Configuration

    241
    • 40.8.1 Logging Out

      242
  • 40.9 Command Summary

    242
    • 40.9.1 User Mode

      242
    • 40.9.2 Enable Mode

      243
    • 40.9.3 General Configuration Mode

      247
    • 40.9.4 interface port-channel Commands

      261
    • 40.9.5 interface route-domain Commands

      264
    • 40.9.6 config-vlan Commands

      265
  • 40.10 mvr Commands

    266
• Command Examples

  268
  • 41.1 Overview

    268
  • 41.2 show Commands

    268
    • 41.2.1 show system-information

      268
    • 41.2.2 show hardware-monitor

      269
    • 41.2.3 show ip

      269
    • 41.2.4 show logging

      270
    • 41.2.5 show interface

      270
    • 41.2.6 show mac address-table

      271
  • 41.3 ping

    272
  • 41.4 traceroute

    273
  • 41.5 Enabling RSTP

    273
  • 41.6 Configuration File Maintenance

    274
    • 41.6.1 Configuration Backup

      274
    • 41.6.2 Configuration Restoration

      274
    • 41.6.3 Using a Different Configuration File

      275
    • 41.6.4 Resetting to the Factory Default

      275
  • 41.7 no Command Examples

    276
    • 41.7.1 no mirror-port

      276
    • 41.7.2 no https timeout

      276
    • 41.7.3 no trunk

      277
    • 41.7.4 no port-access-authenticator

      277
    • 41.7.5 no ssh

      278
  • 41.8 interface Commands

    278
    • 41.8.1 interface port-channel

      279
    • 41.8.2 interface route-domain

      279
    • 41.8.3 bpdu-control

      280
    • 41.8.4 broadcast-limit

      280
    • 41.8.5 bandwidth-limit

      281
    • 41.8.6 mirror

      282
    • 41.8.7 gvrp

      282
    • 41.8.8 ingress-check

      283
    • 41.8.9 frame-type

      283
    • 41.8.10 spq

      284
    • 41.8.11 wrr

      284
    • 41.8.12 egress set

      285
    • 41.8.13 qos priority

      285
    • 41.8.14 name

      286
    • 41.8.15 speed-duplex

      286
• IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Commands

  288
  • 42.1 IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Overview

    288
  • 42.2 VLAN Databases

    288
    • 42.2.1 Static Entries (SVLAN Table)

      288
    • 42.2.2 Dynamic Entries (DVLAN Table)

      289
  • 42.3 Configuring Tagged VLAN

    289
  • 42.4 Global VLAN1Q Tagged VLAN Configuration Commands

    290
    • 42.4.1 GARP Status

      290
    • 42.4.2 GARP Timer

      290
    • 42.4.3 GVRP Timer

      291
    • 42.4.4 Enable GVRP

      291
    • 42.4.5 Disable GVRP

      292
  • 42.5 Port VLAN Commands

    292
    • 42.5.1 Set Port VID

      292
    • 42.5.2 Set Acceptable Frame Type

      292
    • 42.5.3 Enable or Disable Port GVRP

      293
    • 42.5.4 Modify Static VLAN

      293
      • 42.5.4.1 Modify a Static VLAN Table Example

        294
      • 42.5.4.2 Forwarding Process Example

        294
    • 42.5.5 Delete VLAN ID

      294
  • 42.6 Enable VLAN

    295
  • 42.7 Disable VLAN

    295
  • 42.8 Show VLAN Setting

    295
• Troubleshooting

  298
  • 43.1 Problems Starting Up the Switch

    298
  • 43.2 Problems Accessing the Switch

    298
    • 43.2.1 Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions

      299
      • 43.2.1.1 Internet Explorer Pop-up Blockers

        299
      • 43.2.1.2 JavaScripts

        302
      • 43.2.1.3 Java Permissions

        304
  • 43.3 Problems with the Password

    306
• Product Specifications

  308
• IP Subnetting

  312
• Index

  320
  • Symbols

    320
  • Numerics

    320
  • A

    320
  • B

    320
  • C

    320
  • D

    321
  • E

    321
  • F

    321
  • G

    321
  • H

    322
  • I

    322
  • K

    322
  • L

    322
  • M

    322
  • N

    323
  • O

    323
  • P

    323
  • Q

    324
  • R

    324
  • S

    324
  • T

    325
  • U

    325
  • V

    325
  • W

    326
  • Z

    326