Apple II User Manual

307  ARITHMETIC FUNCTIONS

STATEMENT       SYNTAX/FUNCTION                                         EXAMPLE

ABS             ABS (expression)                                        120 PRINT ABS(X)

                Gives the absolute value of the expression

                X.  ABS returns X if X>=0, -X otherwise.

STATEMENT       SYNTAX/FUNCTION                                         EXAMPLE

ATN             ATN (expression)                                        210 PRINT ATN(X)

                Gives the arcTangent of the expression X.

                The result is returned in radians and ranges

                from -PI/2 to PI/2 (PI/2=1.5708).  If you

                want to use this function, you must provide

                the code in memory.  See Appendix H for

                implementation details.

STATEMENT       SYNTAX/FUNCTION                                         EXAMPLE

COS             COS (expression)                                        200 PRINT COS(X)

                Gives the cosine of the expression X.  X is

                interpreted as being in radians.

STATEMENT       SYNTAX/FUNCTION                                         EXAMPLE

EXP             EXP (expression)                                        150 PRINT EXP(X)

                Gives the constant "E" (2.71828) raised so

                the power X (E^X).  The maximum argu-

                ment that can be passed to EXP without

                overflow occurring is 88.0296.

STATEMENT       SYNTAX/FUNCTION                                         EXAMPLE

INT             INT (expression)                                        140 PRINT INT(X)

                Returns the largest integer less than or

                equal to its expression X.  For example:

                INT(.23)=0, INT(7)=7, INT(-.1)=-1,

                INT(-2)=-2, INT(1.1)=1.

                The following would round X to 0 decimal

                places:

                     INT(X*10^D+.5)/10^D

STATEMENT       SYNTAX/FUNCTION                                         EXAMPLE

LOG             LOG (expression)                                        160 PRINT LOG(X)

                Gives the natural (Base E) logarithm of its

                expression X.  To obtain the Base Y

                logarithm of X use the formula LOG(X)/

                LOG(Y).  Example:  The base 10 (com-

                mon) log of 7 = LOG(7)/LOG(10).

STATEMENT       SYNTAX/FUNCTION                                         EXAMPLE

RND             RND (parameter)                                         170 PRINT RND(X)

                Generates a random number between 0

                and 1.  The parameter X controls the

                generation of random numbers as follows:

                X<0 starts a new sequence of random

                numbers using X.  Calling RND with the

                same X starts the same random number

                sequence.  X=0 gives the last random

                number generated.  Repeated calls to

                RND(0) will always return the same

                random number.  X>0 generates a new

                random number between 0 and 1.