ZyXEL Communications unified security gateway User Manual

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Chapter 13 Policy and Static Routes
ZyWALL USG 20/20W User’s Guide
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• Use the Static Route screens (see 
) to list and 
configure static routes.
13.1.2  What You Need to Know  
Policy Routing
Traditionally, routing is based on the destination address only and the ZyWALL 
takes the shortest path to forward a packet. IP Policy Routing (IPPR) provides a 
mechanism to override the default routing behavior and alter the packet 
forwarding based on the policy defined by the network administrator. Policy-based 
routing is applied to incoming packets on a per interface basis, prior to the normal 
routing.
How You Can Use Policy Routing
• Source-Based Routing – Network administrators can use policy-based routing to 
direct traffic from different users through different connections.
• Bandwidth Shaping – You can allocate bandwidth to traffic that matches routing 
policies and prioritize traffic. You can also use policy routes to manage other 
types of traffic (like ICMP traffic) and send traffic through VPN tunnels.
• Cost Savings – IPPR allows organizations to distribute interactive traffic on high-
bandwidth, high-cost paths while using low-cost paths for batch traffic.
• Load Sharing – Network administrators can use IPPR to distribute traffic among 
multiple paths.
• NAT - The ZyWALL performs NAT by default for traffic going to or from the WAN 
interfaces. A routing policy’s SNAT allows network administrators to have traffic 
received on a specified interface use a specified IP address as the source IP 
address.
Note: The ZyWALL automatically uses SNAT for traffic it routes from internal 
interfaces to external interfaces. For example LAN to WAN traffic.
Static Routes
The ZyWALL usually uses the default gateway to route outbound traffic from 
computers on the LAN to the Internet. To have the ZyWALL send data to devices 
not reachable through the default gateway, use static routes. Configure static 
routes if you need to use RIP or OSPF to propagate the routing information to 
other routers. See 
 for more on RIP and OSPF.
Policy Routes Versus Static Routes
• Policy routes are more flexible than static routes. You can select more criteria 
for the traffic to match and can also use schedules, NAT, and bandwidth 
management.