Yamaha RX-Z11 User Guide
Glossary
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■ Audio and video synchronization
(lip sync)
Lip sync, an abbreviation for lip synchronization, is a technical term
that involves both a problem and a capability of maintaining audio
and video signals synchronized during post-production and
transmission. Whereas the audio and video latency requires
complex end-user adjustments, HDMI version 1.3 incorporates an
automatic audio and video syncing capability that allows devices to
perform this synchronization automatically and accurately without
user interaction.
that involves both a problem and a capability of maintaining audio
and video signals synchronized during post-production and
transmission. Whereas the audio and video latency requires
complex end-user adjustments, HDMI version 1.3 incorporates an
automatic audio and video syncing capability that allows devices to
perform this synchronization automatically and accurately without
user interaction.
■ Bi-amplification connection
A bi-amplification connection uses two amplifiers for a speaker.
One amplifier is connected to the woofer section of a loudspeaker
while the other is connected to the combined mid and tweeter
section. With this arrangement each amplifier operates over a
restricted frequency range. This restricted range presents each
amplifier with a much simpler job and each amplifier is less likely
to influence the sound in some way. The internal crossover of the
speaker consists of a LPF (low pass filter) and a HPF (high pass
filter). As its name implies, the LPF passes frequencies below a
cutoff and rejects frequencies above the cutoff frequency. Likewise,
the HPF passes frequencies above its cutoff.
One amplifier is connected to the woofer section of a loudspeaker
while the other is connected to the combined mid and tweeter
section. With this arrangement each amplifier operates over a
restricted frequency range. This restricted range presents each
amplifier with a much simpler job and each amplifier is less likely
to influence the sound in some way. The internal crossover of the
speaker consists of a LPF (low pass filter) and a HPF (high pass
filter). As its name implies, the LPF passes frequencies below a
cutoff and rejects frequencies above the cutoff frequency. Likewise,
the HPF passes frequencies above its cutoff.
■ Component video signal
With the component video signal system, the video signal is
separated into the Y signal for the luminance and the P
separated into the Y signal for the luminance and the P
B
and P
R
signals for the chrominance. Color can be reproduced more
faithfully with this system because each of these signals is
independent. The component signal is also called the “color
difference signal” because the luminance signal is subtracted from
the color signal. A monitor with component input jacks is required
in order to output component signals.
faithfully with this system because each of these signals is
independent. The component signal is also called the “color
difference signal” because the luminance signal is subtracted from
the color signal. A monitor with component input jacks is required
in order to output component signals.
■ Composite video signal
With the composite video signal system, the video signal is
composed of three basic elements of a video picture: color,
brightness and synchronization data. A composite video jack on a
video component transmits these three elements combined.
composed of three basic elements of a video picture: color,
brightness and synchronization data. A composite video jack on a
video component transmits these three elements combined.
■ Deep Color
Deep Color refers to the use of various color depths in displays, up
from the 24-bit depths in previous versions of the HDMI
specification. This extra bit depth allows HDTVs and other displays
go from millions of colors to billions of colors and eliminate on-
screen color banding for smooth tonal transitions and subtle
gradations between colors. The increased contrast ratio can
represent many times more shades of gray between black and white.
Also Deep Color increases the number of available colors within the
boundaries defined by the RGB or YCbCr color space.
from the 24-bit depths in previous versions of the HDMI
specification. This extra bit depth allows HDTVs and other displays
go from millions of colors to billions of colors and eliminate on-
screen color banding for smooth tonal transitions and subtle
gradations between colors. The increased contrast ratio can
represent many times more shades of gray between black and white.
Also Deep Color increases the number of available colors within the
boundaries defined by the RGB or YCbCr color space.
■ Dolby Digital
Dolby Digital is a digital surround sound system that gives you
completely independent multi-channel audio. With 3 front channels
(front L/R and center), and 2 surround stereo channels, Dolby
Digital provides 5 full-range audio channels. With an additional
channel especially for bass effects, called LFE (Low Frequency
Effect), the system has a total of 5.1-channels (LFE is counted as
0.1 channel). By using 2-channel stereo for the surround speakers,
more accurate moving sound effects and surround sound
environment are possible than with Dolby Surround. The wide
dynamic range from maximum to minimum volume reproduced by
the 5 full-range channels and the precise sound orientation
generated using digital sound processing provide listeners with
unprecedented excitement and realism. With this unit, any sound
environment from monaural up to a 5.1-channel configuration can
be freely selected for your enjoyment.
completely independent multi-channel audio. With 3 front channels
(front L/R and center), and 2 surround stereo channels, Dolby
Digital provides 5 full-range audio channels. With an additional
channel especially for bass effects, called LFE (Low Frequency
Effect), the system has a total of 5.1-channels (LFE is counted as
0.1 channel). By using 2-channel stereo for the surround speakers,
more accurate moving sound effects and surround sound
environment are possible than with Dolby Surround. The wide
dynamic range from maximum to minimum volume reproduced by
the 5 full-range channels and the precise sound orientation
generated using digital sound processing provide listeners with
unprecedented excitement and realism. With this unit, any sound
environment from monaural up to a 5.1-channel configuration can
be freely selected for your enjoyment.
■ Dolby Digital EX
Dolby Digital EX creates 6 full-bandwidth output channels from
5.1-channel sources. This is done using a matrix decoder that
derives 3 surround channels from the 2 in the original recording. For
the best results, Dolby Digital EX should be used with movie sound
tracks recorded with Dolby Digital Surround EX. With this
additional channel, you can experience more dynamic and realistic
moving sound especially with scenes with “fly-over” and “fly-
around” effects.
5.1-channel sources. This is done using a matrix decoder that
derives 3 surround channels from the 2 in the original recording. For
the best results, Dolby Digital EX should be used with movie sound
tracks recorded with Dolby Digital Surround EX. With this
additional channel, you can experience more dynamic and realistic
moving sound especially with scenes with “fly-over” and “fly-
around” effects.
■ Dolby Digital Plus
Dolby Digital Plus is an advanced audio technology developed for
high-definition programming and media including HD broadcasts,
HD DVD, and Blu-ray Disc. Selected as a mandatory audio
standard for HD DVD and as an optional audio standard for Blu-ray
Disc, this technology delivers multichannel sound with discrete
channel output. Supporting bitrates up to 6.0 Mbps, Dolby Digital
Plus can carry up to 7.1 discreet audio channels simultaneously.
Supported by HDMI version 1.3 and designed for the optical disc
players and AV receivers/amplifiers of the future, Dolby Digital
Plus also remains fully compatible with the existing multichannel
audio systems that incorporate Dolby Digital.
high-definition programming and media including HD broadcasts,
HD DVD, and Blu-ray Disc. Selected as a mandatory audio
standard for HD DVD and as an optional audio standard for Blu-ray
Disc, this technology delivers multichannel sound with discrete
channel output. Supporting bitrates up to 6.0 Mbps, Dolby Digital
Plus can carry up to 7.1 discreet audio channels simultaneously.
Supported by HDMI version 1.3 and designed for the optical disc
players and AV receivers/amplifiers of the future, Dolby Digital
Plus also remains fully compatible with the existing multichannel
audio systems that incorporate Dolby Digital.
■ Dolby Pro Logic II
Dolby Pro Logic II is an improved technique used to decode vast
numbers of existing Dolby Surround sources. This new technology
enables a discrete 5-channel playback with 2 front left and right
channels, 1 center channel, and 2 surround left and right channels
instead of only 1 surround channel for conventional Pro Logic
technology. There are three modes available: “Music mode” for
music sources, “Movie mode” for movie sources and “Game mode”
for game sources.
numbers of existing Dolby Surround sources. This new technology
enables a discrete 5-channel playback with 2 front left and right
channels, 1 center channel, and 2 surround left and right channels
instead of only 1 surround channel for conventional Pro Logic
technology. There are three modes available: “Music mode” for
music sources, “Movie mode” for movie sources and “Game mode”
for game sources.
■ Dolby Pro Logic IIx
Dolby Pro Logic IIx is a new technology enabling discrete multi-
channel playback from 2-channel or multi-channel sources. There
are three modes available: “Music mode” for music sources,
“Movie mode” for movie sources (for 2-channel sources only) and
“Game mode” for game sources.
channel playback from 2-channel or multi-channel sources. There
are three modes available: “Music mode” for music sources,
“Movie mode” for movie sources (for 2-channel sources only) and
“Game mode” for game sources.
Glossary