Navman jupiter la000605d User Manual

LA000605D © 2007 Navman New Zealand. All rights reserved. Proprietary information and specifications subject to change without notice.

1. If a multi-layer PCB is used, the thickness is the distance from signal track to nearest 

ground plane.

2. If the antenna connection is routed under the module, the track width should be 

approximately halved for that section only.

It is recommended that the antenna connection PCB track should be routed around the 

outside of the module outline, kept on a single layer and have no bends greater than 

45 degrees. It is not recommended (for production reasons) to route track under the module, 

but if track has to route under the module, it should have a modified track width and solder 

mask to avoid short circuits to the underside of the module.
To minimise signal loss and reduce the requirement for vias, it is recommended the signal 

track not be placed on an inner layer of a multi-layer PCB.
The PCB track connection to the RF antenna input 

must:

• have a characteristic impedance of 50 ohm
• be as short as possible
• be interfaced to a coaxial connector if an external antenna is used
• have max clearance to ground on the same layer, or at least be half the substrate thickness
• be routed away from noise sources such as: switching power supplies, digital signals, 

oscillators and transmitters

The PCB track connection to the RF antenna input must 

not have:

• vias
• sharp bends
• components overlaying the track

2.4.1 Antenna types
The role of the antenna is to filter, amplify and down-convert the incoming GPS signals into 

an electric signal that can be processed by the receiver electronics within the RF section. 

There are several designs of GPS antennas:

Monopole, or dipole, configurations.
Quadrifilar helices.
Spiral helices.
Microstrips - active and passive.
Planar rings (“choke ring”), and other multipath-resistant designs. 

There are special considerations for GPS antennas. They must be able to pick up and 

discriminate very weak signals. GPS signals are circularly polarised, so the GPS antenna 

must also be circularly polarised. The antenna gain pattern design is intended to enhance the 

ability of the RF section to filter multipath and low elevation signals. An essential requirement 

of any consumer GPS product is that the antenna is a stable electrical centre which is 

coincident with the geometric centre and insensitive to the rotation and inclination of the 

antenna. 
The main parts of the construction of the antenna consists of: (a) the omnidirectional antenna 

element, (b) the antenna preamplifier electronics, and (c) a ground plane (though not always 

present). The industry has widely adopted the patch antenna as the most common and 

practical design.
There are two major types of GPS antenna patch antennas: passive and active. The active 

antenna has a built in LNA (Low Noise Amplifier) to increase the strength of the signal, and to 

compensate for the signal loss in a long cable connection.