Microchip Technology AC244045 Data Sheet

Page of 448
 2010-2012 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS41440C-page 305
PIC16(L)F1825/1829
26.3
EUSART Baud Rate Generator 
(BRG)
The Baud Rate Generator (BRG) is an 8-bit or 16-bit
timer that is dedicated to the support of both the
asynchronous and synchronous EUSART operation.
By default, the BRG operates in 8-bit mode. Setting the
BRG16 bit of the BAUDCON register selects 16-bit
mode.
The SPBRGH, SPBRGL register pair determines the
period of the free running baud rate timer. In
Asynchronous mode the multiplier of the baud rate
period is determined by both the BRGH bit of the TXSTA
register and the BRG16 bit of the BAUDCON register. In
Synchronous mode, the BRGH bit is ignored.
 contains the formulas for determining the
baud rate. 
 provides a sample calculation
for determining the baud rate and baud rate error. 
Typical baud rates and error values for various
asynchronous modes have been computed for your
convenience and are shown in 
. It may be
advantageous to use the high baud rate (BRGH = 1),
or the 16-bit BRG (BRG16 = 1) to reduce the baud rate
error. The 16-bit BRG mode is used to achieve slow
baud rates for fast oscillator frequencies.
Writing a new value to the SPBRGH, SPBRGL register
pair causes the BRG timer to be reset (or cleared). This
ensures that the BRG does not wait for a timer overflow
before outputting the new baud rate.
If the system clock is changed during an active receive
operation, a receive error or data loss may result. To
avoid this problem, check the status of the RCIDL bit to
make sure that the receive operation is Idle before
changing the system clock.
EXAMPLE 26-1:
CALCULATING BAUD 
RATE ERROR
 
For a device with F
OSC
 of 16 MHz, desired baud rate
of 9600, Asynchronous mode, 8-bit BRG:
Solving for SPBRGH:SPBRGL:
 X
F
OSC
Desired Baud Rate
---------------------------------------------
64
--------------------------------------------- 1
=
Desired Baud Rate 
F
OSC
64 [SPBRGH:SPBRGL]
1
+
------------------------------------------------------------------------
=
  
16000000
9600
------------------------
64
------------------------ 1
=
  
25.042
25
=
=
Calculated Baud Rate 
16000000
64 25
1
+
---------------------------
=
  
9615
=
Error
Calc. Baud Rate Desired Baud Rate 
Desired Baud Rate 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
=
  
9615 9600
9600
----------------------------------
0.16%
=
=