Volvo D13 User Manual
Section 01: ENGINE
PA1561
9
NOTE
Oil filters should always be changed when
changing the oil.
changing the oil.
1.3.4 Oil Filters
There are three filters on the engine, one of
which is a bypass filter. This should be changed
at the same time as the full-flow filter(s).
which is a bypass filter. This should be changed
at the same time as the full-flow filter(s).
CAUTION
Volvo branded oil filters are designed to
provide the proper level of filtration and
protection for Volvo engines. Filters that do
not meet the same stringent requirements
may void engine warranty.
provide the proper level of filtration and
protection for Volvo engines. Filters that do
not meet the same stringent requirements
may void engine warranty.
FIGURE 3: D13F OIL FILTERS
1.3.5 Synthetic Lubrication
Synthetic oils are offered by some oil suppliers
as an alternative to the traditional, petroleum
based oils for engines. These oils may be used
in Volvo engines, provided they meet the quality
levels specified on the previous pages, that is:
both VDS-4 and EO-O Premium Plus.
as an alternative to the traditional, petroleum
based oils for engines. These oils may be used
in Volvo engines, provided they meet the quality
levels specified on the previous pages, that is:
both VDS-4 and EO-O Premium Plus.
The use of synthetic oils does not permit the
extension of the recommended oil change
intervals.
extension of the recommended oil change
intervals.
1.3.6 Oil Viscosity
The viscosity grade defines the thickness of the
oil. The oil must be thin enough at low
temperatures for easy cold starts and thick
enough to protect at high temperatures. An oil is
not fully defined until both the API quality
classification and the viscosity grade are
specified.
oil. The oil must be thin enough at low
temperatures for easy cold starts and thick
enough to protect at high temperatures. An oil is
not fully defined until both the API quality
classification and the viscosity grade are
specified.
Choose the viscosity grade for the typical
ambient temperature for the application.
Multigrade oils have a broad range that suit
operation in changing temperature.
ambient temperature for the application.
Multigrade oils have a broad range that suit
operation in changing temperature.
Volvo North America recommends the
viscosities shown in the viscosity/temperature
table for Volvo engines.
viscosities shown in the viscosity/temperature
table for Volvo engines.
1.3.7 Oil Additives
CAUTION
Extra oil additives must never be added to
any engine oil used. Additives such as break-
in oils, top oils, graphitizers, and friction
reducing liquids are not necessary and may
even harm the engine.
any engine oil used. Additives such as break-
in oils, top oils, graphitizers, and friction
reducing liquids are not necessary and may
even harm the engine.
Using oils to the quality standards
recommended in this manual makes the use of
extra oil additives unnecessary, as these oils
already contain a balanced treatment of
additives.
recommended in this manual makes the use of
extra oil additives unnecessary, as these oils
already contain a balanced treatment of
additives.
1.3.8 Oil Consumption
Once the engine is stopped, check the oil level
daily. If the engine has just been stopped and it
is warm, wait approximately five minutes to allow
the oil to drain back to the oil pan before
checking. Add oil as necessary.
daily. If the engine has just been stopped and it
is warm, wait approximately five minutes to allow
the oil to drain back to the oil pan before
checking. Add oil as necessary.
CAUTION
DO NOT overfill engine with oil.
All diesel engines are designed to consume
some oil, so it is normal to add oil periodically.
An engine used in heavy-duty operation will
consume more oil than one in normal operation.
some oil, so it is normal to add oil periodically.
An engine used in heavy-duty operation will
consume more oil than one in normal operation.