DELL N3000 User Manual

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Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3
OSPF Overview
OSPF is an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) that performs dynamic routing 
within a network. Dell Networking series switches support two dynamic 
routing protocols: OSPF and Routing Information Protocol (RIP). 
Unlike RIP, OSPF is a link-state protocol. Larger networks typically use the 
OSPF protocol instead of RIP. 
What Are OSPF Areas and Other OSPF Topology Features?
The top level of the hierarchy of an OSPF network is known as an OSPF 
domain. The domain can be divided into areas. Routers within an area must 
share detailed information on the topology of their area, but require less 
detailed information about the topology of other areas. Segregating a network 
into areas enables limiting the amount of route information communicated 
throughout the network.
Areas are identified by a numeric ID in IP address format n.n.n.n (note, 
however, that these are not used as actual IP addresses). For simplicity, the 
area can be configured and referred to in normal integer notation. For 
example, Area 20 is identified as 0.0.0.20 and Area 256 as 0.0.1.0. The area 
identified as 0.0.0.0 is referred to as Area 0 and is considered the OSPF 
backbone. All other OSPF areas in the network must connect to Area 0 
directly or through a virtual link. The backbone area is responsible for 
distributing routing information between non-backbone areas.
A virtual link can be used to connect an area to Area 0 when a direct link is 
not possible. A virtual link traverses an area between the remote area and Area 
0.
A stub area is an area that does not accept external LSAs (LSAs generated by 
redistributing routes) that were learned from a protocol other than OSPF or 
were statically configured. These routes typically send traffic outside the AS. 
Therefore, routes from a stub area to locations outside the AS use the default 
gateway. A virtual link cannot be configured across a stub area. A Not So 
Stubby Area can import limited external routes only from a connected ASBR.