Cisco Cisco 5508 Wireless Controller Referencia técnica

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High Availability (SSO) Deployment Guide
High Availability in Release 7.3 and 7.4
HA Connectivity Using Redundant Port on the 5500/7500/8500 WLC
5500/7500/8500 WLCs have a dedicated Redundancy Port which should be connected back to back in order to 
synchronize the configuration from the Active to the Standby WLC.
Keep-alive packets are sent on the Redundancy Port from the Standby to the Active WLC every 100 msec (default timer) 
in order to check the health of the Active WLC.
Both the WLCs in HA setup keep track of gateway reachability. The Active WLC sends an Internet Control Message Protocol 
(ICMP) ping to the gateway using the Management IP address as the source, and the Standby WLC sends an ICMP ping to 
the gateway using the Redundancy Management IP address. Both the WLCs send an ICMP ping to the gateway at a 
one-second interval.
It is highly recommended to have back-to-back direct connectivity between Redundant Ports. 
Here you can see the Redundant Port Connectivity between 5500 WLCs in an HA Setup:
Here you can see the Redundant Port Connectivity between Flex 7500 WLCs in an HA setup:
Note: 
A direct physical connection between Active and Standby Redundant Ports is highly recommended. The distance 
between the connections can go up to 100 meters at per Ethernet cable standards.
High Availability Connectivity Using Redundant VLAN on WiSM-2 WLC
WiSM-2 WLCs have a dedicated Redundancy VLAN which is used to synchronize the configuration from the Active WLC to 
the Standby WLC.
A Redundancy VLAN should be a Layer 2 VLAN dedicated for the HA Pairing process. It should not be spanned across 
networks and should not have any Layer 3 SVI interface. No data VLAN should be used as a Redundancy VLAN.
Keep-alive packets are sent on Redundancy VLAN from the Standby WLC to the Active WLC every 100 msec (default timer) 
in order to check the health of the Active WLC.