Conrad Course material 3964 14 years and over 3964 Manual De Usuario
Los códigos de productos
3964
3
Fig. 4: Schematic symbols for various batteries (Bat.gif)
Light-emitting diodes
The educational kit contains two red LEDs and a green and a yellow LED. With all LEDs, the polarity must always be
attended to. The negative terminal is called the cathode and is on the shorter connection wire. The positive terminal is
the anode. Inside the LED, you can see a cup-like holder for the LED crystal which is at the cathode. The anode
terminal is connected to an extremely thin little wire with a contact on the top of the crystal. But in contrast to
incandescent bulbs, LEDs must never be directly connected to a battery. A series resistor is always necessary.
Fig. 5: The LED (B_LED.gif)
Resistors
The resistors in the educational kit are carbon film resistors with tolerances of
±5%. The resistor material is attached
to a ceramic bar and covered with a protective layer. Labelling is done in the form of coloured rings. Next to the
resistance value, the accuracy class is also indicated.
resistance value, the accuracy class is also indicated.
Fig. 6: A resistor (B_Widerstand.gif)
There are resistors with a tolerance of
±5% in the values of the E24 series, with each decade containing 24 values at
an approximately uniform distance from the adjacent value.
Table 1: Resistance values according to the E24 series
1.0 1.1
1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6
1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.7 3.0
3.3 3.6 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1
5.6 6.2 6.8 7.5 8.2 9.1
The colour code is read based on the ring that is closer to the edge of the resistor. The first two rings stand for two
digits, the third for a multiplier of the resistance value in ohms. A fourth ring indicates the tolerance.
3.3 3.6 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1
5.6 6.2 6.8 7.5 8.2 9.1
The colour code is read based on the ring that is closer to the edge of the resistor. The first two rings stand for two
digits, the third for a multiplier of the resistance value in ohms. A fourth ring indicates the tolerance.
Table 2: The resistor colour code
Colour
Ring 1
1st digit
1st digit
Ring 2
2nd digit
2nd digit
Ring 3
multiplier
multiplier
Ring 4
toleranc
e
toleranc
e
Black
0 1
Brown
1 1 10
1%
Red
2 2 100 2%
Orange
3 3 1,000
Yellow
4 4 10,000
Green
5 5 100,000
0.5%
Blue
6 6 1,000,000
Violet
7 7 10,000,000
Grey
8 8
White
9 9
Gold
0.1 5%
Silver
0.01 10%
- Cathode
+ Anode
+ Anode
A C
1.5 V 4.5 V 6 V 9... 12 V