Keithley 2182A/E Digital-Multimeter, DMM, Manuales de usuario

Tabla de contenidos

• General information

  1
• Warranty information

  1
• Contact information

  1
• Safety symbols and terms

  1
• Inspection

  1
• Options and accessories

  1
• Nanovoltmeter features

  1
• Front and rear panel familiarization

  1
• Front panel summary

  1
• Rear panel summary

  1
• Cleaning input connectors

  1
• Power-Up

  1
• Line power connection

  1
• Setting line voltage and replacing fuse

  1
• Power-up sequence

  1
• Line frequency

  1
• Display

  1
• Status and error messages

  1
• Default settings

  1
• Model 2182 front panel

  1
• Model 2182 rear panel

  1
• Power module

  1
• Fuse ratings

  1
• Factory defaults

  1
• Measurement overview

  2
• Voltage measurements

  2
• Temperature measurements

  2
• Performance considerations

  2
• Warm-up

  2
• ACAL (calibration)

  2
• Autozeroing modes

  2
• LSYNC (line cycle synchronization)

  2
• Pumpout current (low charge injection mode)

  2
• Low Charge Injection

  2
• Connections

  2
• Connection techniques

  2
• Voltage only connections

  2
• Temperature only connections

  2
• Voltage and temperature connections

  2
• Cleaning test circuit connectors

  2
• Temperature configuration

  2
• Measuring voltage and temperature

  2
• SCPI programming - voltage and temperature measurements

  2
• Low-level considerations

  2
• Thermal EMFs

  2
• Noise

  2
• Applications

  2
• Low-resistance measurements

  2
• Standard cell comparisons

  2
• Heated Zener Reference and Josephson Junction Array comparisons

  2
• Line cycle synchronization

  2
• Model 2107 input cable

  2
• LEMO connector - terminal identification

  2
• Connections - single channel voltage

  2
• Connections - dual channel voltage

  2
• Connections - temperature (internal reference)

  2
• Connections - temperature (simulated reference)

  2
• Connections - voltage and temperature (internal reference)

  2
• Connections - voltage and temperature (simulated reference)

  2
• 4-Wire low-resistance measurement technique

  2
• Measuring switch contact resistance

  2
• Measuring switch contact resistance and temperature

  2
• Standard cell comparison measurements

  2
• Heated Zener characterization

  2
• Measurement channels

  2
• Low Charge Injection

  2
• SCPI commands - voltage and temperature measurements

  2
• Delta =

  2
• =

  2
• =

  2
• =

  2
• =

  2
• =

  2
• AvgVolt =

  2
• AvgCurr =

  2
• Range

  3
• Maximum readings

  3
• Manual ranging

  3
• Autoranging

  3
• SCPI programming - range

  3
• Digits

  3
• SCPI programming - digits

  3
• Rate

  3
• SCPI programming - rate

  3
• Filter

  3
• Analog filter

  3
• Digital filter

  3
• SCPI programming - filter

  3
• Speed vs. noise characteristics

  3
• Moving and repeating filters

  3
• SPCI commands - range

  3
• SPCI commands - digits

  3
• SCPI commands - rate

  3
• SCPI commands - filter

  3
• Relative

  4
• REL Key

  4
• SCPI programming - relative

  4
• mX+b and percent (%)

  4
• mX+b

  4
• Percent (%)

  4
• SCPI programming - mX+b and percent

  4
• SCPI commands - relative

  4
• SCPI commands - mX+b and percent

  4
• =

  4
• AvgVolt =

  4
• Ratio

  5
• Basic procedure

  5
• Filter, Rel, and Ranging considerations

  5
• Delta

  5
• Selecting Delta

  5
• Delta measurement procedure using a SourceMeter

  5
• Filter considerations

  5
• SCPI programming - ratio and delta

  5
• Programming examples

  5
• Applications

  5
• Testing superconductor materials

  5
• Test circuit using constant current source

  5
• Delta measurement using bipolar source

  5
• Delta measurement connections

  5
• Triggering timing diagram

  5
• Calibrating 1:10 divider

  5
• Test circuit—Fixed I (Vary H)

  5
• H-V Curve (Fixed I)

  5
• SourceMeter output—2-point custom sweep

  5
• I-V Curve (Fixed H)

  5
• Test circuit—Fixed H (Vary I)

  5
• SourceMeter output—30-point custom sweep

  5
• Trigger link connections using two Model 2182s

  5
• SCPI commands - ratio and delta

  5
• Buffer operations

  6
• Store

  6
• Recall

  6
• Buffer statistics

  6
• SCPI programming - buffer

  6
• Programming example

  6
• Buffer locations

  6
• SCPI commands - buffer

  6
• Trigger model

  7
• Idle

  7
• Control source and event detection

  7
• Delay

  7
• Device action

  7
• Output trigger

  7
• Reading hold (autosettle)

  7
• Hold example

  7
• External triggering

  7
• External trigger

  7
• Voltmeter complete

  7
• External triggering example

  7
• External triggering with BNC connections

  7
• SCPI programming - triggering

  7
• Trigger model (remote operation)

  7
• Trigger model operation

  7
• Triggering commands

  7
• Programming example

  7
• Front panel trigger model (without Stepping/Scanning)

  7
• Device action

  7
• Rear panel pinout

  7
• Trigger link input pulse specifications (EXT TRIG)

  7
• Trigger link output pulse specifications (VMC)

  7
• DUT test system

  7
• Trigger link connections

  7
• Operation model for triggering example

  7
• DIN to BNC trigger cable

  7
• Trigger model (remote operation)

  7
• Auto delay times

  7
• SCPI commands - triggering

  7
• Limit operations

  8
• Setting limit values

  8
• Enabling limits

  8
• SCPI programming - limits

  8
• Application

  8
• Sorting resistors

  8
• Default limits

  8
• Setup to test 10Ω resistors

  8
• Limits to sort 10Ω resistors (1%, 5%, and >5%)

  8
• SCPI commands - limits

  8
• Step/Scan overview

  9
• Internal Stepping/Scanning (Channels 1 and 2)

  9
• External Stepping/Scanning

  9
• Front panel trigger models

  9
• Internal scanning

  9
• Other Stepping/Scanning operations

  9
• Stepping/Scanning controls

  9
• Step/Scan configuration

  9
• Stepping/Scanning examples

  9
• Internal scanning

  9
• Internal stepping

  9
• External scanning

  9
• SCPI programming - stepping and scanning

  9
• Programming example

  9
• Application — I-V curves using internal scan

  9
• or T (temperature)]

  9
• Front panel triggering (internal scanning)

  9
• Front panel triggering (other step/scan operations)

  9
• External scanning example with Model 7001

  9
• Waveform to be programmed into Model 2400

  9
• Setup of Model 2182 and Model 2400

  9
• SCPI commands - stepping and scanning

  9
• Overview

  10
• Operation

  10
• Analog output connections

  10
• Configure and control analog output

  10
• Analog output rel

  10
• SCPI programming - analog output

  10
• Programming example

  10
• Analog output examples*

  10
• SCPI commands - analog output

  10
• Selecting and configuring an interface

  11
• Interfaces

  11
• Languages

  11
• Interface selection and configuration procedures

  11
• GPIB operation and reference

  11
• GPIB bus standards

  11
• GPIB bus connections

  11
• Primary address selection

  11
• QuickBASIC programming

  11
• General bus commands

  11
• Front panel GPIB operation

  11
• Status structure

  11
• Programming syntax

  11
• RS-232 interface reference

  11
• Sending and receiving data

  11
• Baud rate, flow control and terminator

  11
• RS-232 connections

  11
• Error messages

  11
• IEEE-488 connector

  11
• IEEE-488 connections

  11
• IEEE-488 connector location

  11
• Model 2182 status model structure

  11
• Standard event status

  11
• Operation event status

  11
• Measurement event status

  11
• Questionable event status

  11
• Status byte and service request

  11
• RS-232 interface connector

  11
• General bus commands and associated statements

  11
• RS-232 connector pinout

  11
• PC serial port pinout

  11
• *CLS — Clear Status Clear status registers and error queue

  12
• *ESE? – Event Enable Query Read the standard event register

  12
• *ESR? – Event Status Register Query Read register and clear it

  12
• *IDN? – Identification Query Read the identification code

  12
• event register after all pending commands are complete

  12
• queue after all pending operations are completed

  12
• *RCL – Recall Return to setup stored in memory

  12
• *RST – Reset Return 2182 to *RST defaults

  12
• *SAV – Save Save present setup in memory

  12
• enable register

  12
• enable register

  12
• *STB? – Status Byte Query Read status byte register

  12
• *TRG – Trigger Send bus trigger to 2182

  12
• *TST?– Self-Test Query Run self test and read result

  12
• previous commands are completed

  12
• Standard event enable register

  12
• Standard event status register

  12
• Service request enable register

  12
• Status byte register

  12
• IEEE-488.2 common commands and queries

  12
• :CONFigure:<function>

  13
• :FETCh?

  13
• :READ?

  13
• :MEASure:<function>?

  13
• Signal oriented measurement command summary

  13
• CALCulate command summary

  14
• CALibration command summary (user accessible)

  14
• DISPlay command summary

  14
• FORMat command summary

  14
• OUTPut command summary

  14
• ROUTe command summary

  14
• SENSe command summary

  14
• STATus command summary

  14
• SYSTem command summary

  14
• TRACe command summary

  14
• Trigger command summary

  14
• UNIT command summary

  14
• DISPlay subsystem

  15
• :TEXT commands

  15
• FORMat subsystem

  15
• :DATA command

  15
• :BORDer command

  15
• :ELEMents command

  15
• STATus subsystem

  15
• [:EVENt]? command

  15
• :ENABle command

  15
• :CONDition? command

  15
• :PRESet command

  15
• :QUEue commands

  15
• :SYSTem subsystem

  15
• :PRESet command

  15
• Performance commands

  15
• :BEEPer command

  15
• :KCLick command

  15
• :POSetup <name> command

  15
• :VERSion? command

  15
• :ERRor? command

  15
• :CLEar command

  15
• :KEY <NRf> command

  15
• ASCII data format

  15
• IEE754 single precision data format (32 data bits)

  15
• IEEE754 double precision data format (64 data bits)

  15
• Measurement event register

  15
• Questionable event register

  15
• Operation event register

  15
• Measurement event enable register

  15
• Questionable event enable register

  15
• Operation event enable register

  15
• Key-press codes

  15