Manuels d'utilisation pour SAP Reports 2011, WIN, INTL, NUL

Table des matières

• Introduction to SAP Crystal Reports 2011

  21
• About Crystal Reports

  21
• About the Crystal Reports documentation

  21
• Locate information quickly

  22
• Sample Reports

  22
• Quick Start

  23
• Learning how to use Crystal Reports

  23
• Sample data - Xtreme.mdb

  23
• Report Creation Wizards

  24
• Standard

  24
• Cross-Tab

  24
• Mailing Label

  25
• OLAP

  25
• Quick start for new users

  25
• Before you begin

  26
• Creating the report

  26
• Record Selection

  37
• Grouping and sorting

  41
• Completing the report

  45
• Quick start for advanced users

  46
• Choosing a report type and data source

  46
• Working with report elements on the Design tab

  47
• Using other reporting features

  48
• Report Design Concepts

  51
• Basic report design

  51
• Deciding on the content of the report

  51
• Stating the purpose

  51
• Determining the layout of the report

  52
• Finding the data

  53
• Manipulating the data

  54
• Determining printing area characteristics

  55
• Developing a prototype on paper

  57
• Introduction to Reporting

  59
• Report creation options

  59
• Choosing data sources and database fields

  60
• The Database Expert

  60
• The Field Explorer

  62
• About the report design environment

  64
• Design tab

  64
• Preview tab

  68
• HTML Preview tab

  72
• Creating a new report

  73
• Selecting the data source

  73
• Adding tables

  74
• Linking multiple tables

  75
• Placing data on the report

  76
• BLOB (Binary Large Object) fields

  83
• Formatting data

  83
• Record selection

  84
• Grouping, sorting, and summarizing data

  84
• Using the drill-down option on summarized data

  84
• Using the zoom feature

  85
• Inserting page headers and footers

  85
• Adding a title page to the report

  86
• Adding summary information to the report

  87
• Exploring reports and working with multiple reports

  88
• The Report Explorer

  88
• The Workbench

  90
• The Dependency Checker

  91
• Opening and docking explorers

  93
• Beyond basic reports

  94
• SAP BusinessObjects Enterprise Repository

  95
• What is the SAP BusinessObjects Enterprise Repository?

  95
• Work flow

  95
• Accessing the SAP BusinessObjects Enterprise Repository

  96
• To open the SAP BusinessObjects Enterprise Repository

  97
• Repository Explorer toolbar

  97
• Adding subfolders and subcategories to the repository

  98
• To add a new subfolder or subcategory

  99
• Adding items to the repository

  99
• Adding a text object or bitmap image

  99
• Adding a text object or bitmap image - another method

  100
• Adding a custom function

  100
• Adding a command

  101
• Using repository objects in reports

  101
• Adding a text object or a bitmap image to a report

  102
• Adding a custom function to a report

  102
• Adding a command to a report

  103
• Adding a list of values to a parameter

  103
• Modifying objects in the repository

  103
• To modify a repository object

  104
• Updating connected repository objects in reports

  104
• To set the update option

  105
• Deleting items from the repository

  105
• To delete an object from the repository

  105
• Using Undo in the repository

  106
• Designing Optimized Web Reports

  107
• Overview

  107
• Key strategies for optimizing web reports

  108
• Scale with SAP BusinessObjects Enterprise

  108
• Evaluation times for date functions in SAP BusinessObjects Enterprise

  109
• Making the right design choices

  110
• Using faster report formats

  110
• Choosing between live and saved data

  111
• Designing summary reports

  112
• Using subreports carefully

  113
• Using other design elements effectively

  115
• Designing reports to maximize data sharing

  115
• Streamlining your reporting environment

  116
• Selecting the fastest database and connection

  116
• Using table indexes

  116
• Improving table-linking choices

  116
• Using thread-safe database drivers

  117
• Using stored procedures for faster processing

  118
• Using enhanced record selection formulas

  119
• Pushing down record selection—an example

  119
• Record selection performance tips

  120
• Strategies for writing efficient record selection formulas

  121
• Incorporating parameter fields into record selection formulas

  124
• Using SQL expressions where appropriate

  124
• Improving grouping, sorting, and totaling

  125
• Performing grouping on server

  125
• Benefits of grouping on server—an example

  126
• Using SQL Expressions for groups, sorts, and totals

  127
• Using SQL Expressions for Case Logic

  127
• Inserting summary and running total fields where possible

  128
• Record Selection

  129
• Selecting records

  129
• Options for selecting records

  129
• Determining which field(s) to use

  129
• Using the Select Expert

  130
• Using formulas

  132
• Interaction of the Select Expert and the Formula Editor

  132
• Saved data selection formulas

  134
• Using formula templates

  134
• Record selection formula templates

  134
• Pushing down record selection to the database server

  137
• Troubleshooting record selection formulas

  137
• To troubleshoot record selection formulas

  137
• Correcting selections that do not generate data

  139
• Sorting, Grouping, and Totaling

  141
• Sorting data

  141
• Understanding sort options

  141
• Sorting single and multiple fields

  143
• Sort controls

  145
• Grouping data

  147
• Grouping data

  147
• Creating custom groups

  149
• Sorting groups conditionally

  150
• Sorting records within groups

  151
• Group selection

  152
• Grouping data in intervals

  156
• Grouping by the first letter of a company name

  158
• Grouping data hierarchically

  159
• Editing groups

  165
• Summarizing grouped data

  166
• To summarize grouped data

  166
• Ordering groups by summarized values

  167
• Selecting top or bottom N groups or percentages

  168
• Selecting top or bottom groups or percentages conditionally

  170
• Subtotaling

  171
• Subtotaling data

  171
• Extending prices and subtotaling the extensions

  172
• Percentages

  173
• Calculating a percentage

  174
• Group headers

  175
• Creating group headers

  175
• Suppressing group headers

  179
• Drilling-down on group headers

  179
• Running Totals

  181
• Understanding running totals

  181
• How running totals work

  181
• Creating running totals

  182
• Creating running totals in a list

  182
• Creating running totals for a group

  184
• Creating conditional running totals

  185
• Creating running totals in a one-to-many linking relationship

  187
• Creating running totals using a formula

  188
• To create running totals using a formula

  188
• Multiple Section Reports

  191
• About sections

  191
• Working with sections

  191
• Inserting a section

  192
• Deleting a section

  192
• Moving a section

  193
• Merging two related sections

  193
• Splitting and resizing sections

  194
• Splitting a section

  194
• Resizing a section

  195
• Using multiple sections in reports

  196
• Keeping variable length objects from overwriting each other

  196
• Eliminating blank lines when fields are empty

  197
• Adding blank lines conditionally

  198
• Form letters

  198
• Working with text objects

  199
• Creating a form letter using a text object

  200
• Printing conditional messages in form letters

  205
• Formatting

  207
• Formatting concepts

  207
• Using a template

  207
• Applying a template

  208
• Removing an applied template

  209
• Reapplying the last template selected

  209
• Using Template Field Objects

  210
• Template considerations

  211
• Using the Report Design Environment

  213
• Section characteristics

  214
• Making an object underlay a following section

  214
• Pre-printed forms

  216
• Multiple columns

  216
• Hiding report sections

  217
• Hiding report objects

  218
• Placing text-based objects

  220
• Placing multi-line, text-based objects

  223
• Importing text-based objects from a file

  224
• Spacing between text-based objects

  225
• Selecting multiple objects

  232
• Vertical placement

  233
• Inserting character and line spacing

  233
• Setting fractional font sizes

  234
• Setting page size and page orientation

  235
• Setting page margins

  236
• TrueType fonts

  236
• Printer drivers

  237
• Formatting a report for web viewing

  238
• Formatting properties

  238
• Working with absolute formatting

  239
• Adding borders, color, and shading to a field

  239
• Making a report, section, area, or object read-only

  240
• Locking an object's size and position

  241
• Changing your default field formats

  241
• Adding and editing lines

  243
• Adding and editing boxes

  244
• Expected behavior of line and box formatting

  245
• Adding shapes to a report

  247
• Scaling, cropping, and sizing objects

  248
• Using conventional accounting formats

  249
• Repeating report objects on horizontal pages

  250
• Using white space between rows

  252
• Working with conditional formatting

  254
• Conditional on or off properties

  255
• Conditional attribute properties

  255
• Changing margins conditionally

  257
• Changing X position conditionally

  258
• Creating footers after the first page

  258
• Using the Highlighting Expert

  260
• Undo/Redo activities

  263
• Using the Format Painter

  263
• To copy and apply formatting

  264
• Working with barcodes

  265
• Adding a barcode

  265
• Changing the appearance of a barcode

  266
• Removing a barcode

  267
• Charting

  269
• Charting concepts

  269
• Charting overview

  269
• Chart layouts

  270
• Chart types

  271
• Where to place a chart

  273
• Drill-down with charts

  273
• Drill-down with legends

  273
• Creating charts

  274
• Charting on details or formula fields (Advanced layout)

  274
• Charting on summary or subtotal fields (Group layout)

  275
• Charting on Cross-Tab summaries (Cross-Tab layout)

  276
• Charting on an OLAP cube (OLAP layout)

  277
• Working with charts

  278
• Editing charts using the Chart Expert

  278
• Editing charts using the Chart Options menu items

  278
• Editing charts using other menu items

  279
• Using the zooming features with bar and line charts

  280
• Auto-arranging charts

  281
• Formatting charts

  282
• Using the underlay feature with charts

  283
• Mapping

  285
• Mapping concepts

  285
• Mapping overview

  285
• Map layouts

  285
• Map types

  286
• Where to place a map

  288
• Drill-down with maps

  289
• Creating maps

  289
• Mapping on group fields (Group layout)

  289
• Mapping on Cross-Tab summaries (Cross-Tab layout)

  290
• Mapping on an OLAP cube (OLAP layout)

  292
• Working with maps

  293
• Editing maps using the Map Expert

  293
• Changing the map title

  294
• Changing the map type

  294
• Changing map layers

  294
• Resolving data mismatches

  296
• Changing the geographic map

  296
• Zooming in and out on a map

  297
• Panning a map

  298
• Centering a map

  298
• Hiding and showing the Map Navigator

  298
• Formatting Maps

  300
• OLE

  301
• OLE overview

  301
• OLE terminology

  301
• Types of OLE objects

  302
• General OLE considerations

  302
• Inserting OLE objects into reports

  303
• To copy and paste OLE objects

  303
• How OLE objects are represented in a report

  304
• Editing OLE objects in reports

  304
• In-place editing

  304
• Dynamic OLE menu commands

  305
• OLE and the Insert Picture command

  305
• Working with static OLE objects

  306
• Inserting a static OLE object

  306
• Making a static OLE object dynamic

  307
• Converting a static OLE object to a bitmap image object

  308
• Working with embedded vs. linked objects

  308
• Embedded objects

  308
• Linked objects

  309
• Integrating Shockwave Flash (SWF) objects

  310
• Printing Shockwave Flash (SWF) objects

  311
• Adding an Xcelsius SWF object to a report

  312
• Using data binding to bind an Xcelsius SWF object to a report

  313
• Cross-Tab Objects

  315
• What is a Cross-Tab object?

  315
• Cross-Tab example

  316
• Report of order data - no sorting/grouping

  316
• Report of order data - grouped by region

  317
• Report of order data - grouped by product

  318
• Report of order data - grouped by region and product

  319
• Order data in a Cross-Tab object

  320
• Creating a Cross-Tab report

  321
• To create a new cross-tab report

  322
• To add a Cross-Tab to an existing report

  322
• Specifying the data source

  323
• Modifying the links

  324
• Adding a chart

  324
• Selecting records

  325
• Defining the structure of the Cross-Tab

  325
• Applying a predefined style and finishing the report

  326
• Adding a Cross-Tab to an existing report using the Cross-Tab Expert

  326
• Working with Cross-Tabs

  329
• Showing values as percentages

  329
• Abbreviating large summarized fields

  329
• Customizing row/column labels

  330
• Using running totals in Cross-Tabs

  331
• Printing Cross-Tabs that span multiple pages

  332
• Formatting Cross-Tabs

  333
• Changing width, height, and alignment of Cross-Tab cells

  333
• Formatting background color of entire rows/columns

  333
• Formatting fields individually

  334
• Formatting several fields at one time

  334
• Suppressing Cross-Tab data

  334
• Displaying summarized fields horizontally

  336
• Advanced Cross-Tab features

  336
• Calculated Members

  336
• Embedded Summaries

  340
• Building Queries

  343
• Connecting to a universe

  343
• To connect to a universe

  343
• Defining the data selection for a query

  344
• To build a simple query

  344
• To create a combined query

  345
• Quick reference to objects

  345
• Editing an existing query

  346
• To edit an existing query

  347
• Viewing the SQL behind a query

  347
• To view the SQL when you create a query

  347
• To view the SQL after you have created a query

  348
• Query filters and prompts

  348
• Creating query filters

  348
• Building prompts

  349
• Combining query filters and prompts

  350
• Using And or Or to combine query filters

  351
• Quick reference to query filter operators

  351
• Editing and removing query filters

  354
• Filtering data using subqueries and database ranking

  354
• What is a subquery?

  355
• Building a subquery

  355
• What is a database ranking?

  357
• Creating a database ranking

  358
• Creating and Updating OLAP Reports

  361
• OLAP reporting with Crystal Reports

  361
• OLAP grid objects

  361
• Creating an OLAP report

  362
• To create an OLAP report

  362
• Specifying the data source

  362
• Defining the structure of the grid

  363
• Setting sliced dimensions and specifying the number of grids

  365
• Applying a predefined style

  366
• Inserting a chart

  367
• Updating an OLAP report

  368
• To update a cube location in an OLAP grid object

  368
• Formatting data in an OLAP grid

  369
• Changing the background color of a dimension

  370
• Creating an alias for a dimension

  371
• Formatting grid lines

  371
• Labeling dimensions

  372
• Changing the view of OLAP data

  372
• To show or hide dimension members

  372
• To create asymmetry in an OLAP grid

  373
• To add totals to an OLAP grid

  373
• To change the display format for member names

  373
• To alter the data displayed in the OLAP grid

  374
• To define the order of fields in the OLAP grid

  374
• Sorting and filtering OLAP grid data

  374
• Sorting data in an OLAP grid

  374
• Filtering data in an OLAP grid

  376
• Adding calculations to OLAP grids

  377
• Printing, Exporting, and Viewing Reports

  379
• Distributing reports

  379
• Printing a report

  379
• Faxing a report

  379
• Exporting a report

  380
• Working with Web folders

  391
• Working with Enterprise folders

  392
• Viewing reports

  395
• Report Parts and other Report objects

  395
• Creating an Enterprise Hyperlink

  407
• Using smart tags

  408
• To use smart tags with a Crystal Reports object

  409
• Report Alerts

  411
• About Report Alerts

  411
• Working with Report Alerts

  411
• Creating Report Alerts

  411
• Editing Report Alerts

  413
• Deleting Report Alerts

  414
• Viewing Report Alerts

  414
• Referring to Report Alerts in formulas

  415
• Using Formulas

  417
• Formulas overview

  417
• Typical uses for formulas

  417
• Formula components and syntax

  418
• Formula components

  418
• Formula syntax

  419
• User Function Libraries in formulas

  420
• Specifying formulas

  421
• Working with the Formula Workshop

  422
• Working with the Formula Editor

  426
• Creating and modifying formulas

  430
• Creating a formula and inserting it into a report

  430
• Creating a formula in the Formula Expert

  431
• Editing formulas

  433
• Searching for formula text

  433
• Copying formulas

  434
• Deleting formulas

  436
• Removing the working formula from your report

  436
• Deleting the formula specification

  436
• Debugging formulas

  437
• Debugging evaluation time errors

  437
• Debugging tutorial

  438
• Error Messages and Formula Compiler Warnings

  442
• Parameter Fields and Prompts

  453
• Parameter and prompt overview

  453
• Parameter field considerations

  453
• Prompt considerations

  454
• Data and non-data parameters

  455
• Optional parameters

  456
• Understanding dynamic prompts

  456
• Understanding lists of values

  459
• List-of-values types

  459
• Determining which list-of-values type to use

  461
• Lists of values and prompt groups contrasted

  462
• Creating a parameter with a static prompt

  463
• To create a parameter with a static prompt

  463
• To incorporate the parameter into the record selection filter

  465
• To incorporate the parameter into a saved data selection formula

  466
• Creating a parameter with a dynamic prompt

  466
• To create a parameter with a dynamic prompt

  467
• Creating a parameter with a cascading list of values

  468
• To create a parameter with a cascading list of values

  469
• The Parameter Panel

  471
• Working with lists of values

  471
• Sharing common lists of values within a report

  472
• Using separate value and description fields

  473
• Using command objects as list-of-values data sources

  474
• Null handling

  474
• Long lists of values

  475
• Best practices for prompting

  476
• Unmanaged reports

  476
• Managed reports

  476
• Converting unmanaged reports to managed reports

  477
• Deploying managed reports with dynamic prompts

  478
• Deleting parameter fields

  478
• To delete a parameter that is not used in a formula

  478
• To delete a parameter used with the Select Expert

  478
• To delete a parameter that is used in a formula

  479
• Responding to parameter field prompts

  479
• Previewing a report for the first time

  479
• Refreshing report data

  480
• Advanced parameter features

  481
• Creating a parameter with multiple prompting values

  481
• Applying conditional formatting using parameter fields

  482
• Creating a report title using parameter fields

  483
• Specifying single or ranges of values

  483
• Incorporating a parameter into a formula

  484
• Defining sort order using parameter fields

  485
• Defining entry type and format using the Edit Mask

  486
• Creating a saved-data record filter using parameter fields

  487
• To create a parameter appearing on the Parameter Panel

  488
• To incorporate the parameter into a saved data selection formula

  489
• Adding dynamic grouping using parameter fields

  489
• Subreports

  491
• What are subreports?

  491
• Unlinked vs. linked subreports

  491
• How subreport linking works

  493
• Inserting subreports

  494
• Previewing subreports

  495
• Saving a subreport as a primary report

  496
• Updating subreports

  496
• Linking a subreport to the data in the primary report

  497
• To link a subreport to the data in the primary report

  498
• Linking a subreport to the main report without modifying the selection formula

  499
• To link a subreport to a main report without modifying the selection formula

  499
• Combining unrelated reports by using subreports

  499
• To combine two unrelated reports

  500
• To combine three or more unrelated reports

  500
• Using subreports with unlinkable data

  500
• Linking to/from a formula field

  501
• Linking unindexed tables

  502
• Creating an on-demand subreport

  502
• To create an on-demand subreport

  503
• Adding captions to on-demand subreports

  503
• To add a caption

  503
• Showing different views of the same data in a report

  504
• Understanding Databases

  505
• Databases overview

  505
• Relational database basics

  505
• Indexed tables

  506
• Using SQL and SQL databases

  509
• What is SQL?

  509
• SQL DBMS

  511
• How does Crystal Reports use SQL?

  512
• The SQL language

  513
• Defining an SQL Command

  515
• Changing data sources

  518
• To change the data source

  519
• Working with aliases

  520
• Linking tables

  521
• Link from and link to

  521
• Link relationships

  521
• Performance considerations in one-to-many links

  522
• Data file considerations

  525
• SQL database considerations

  527
• Performance considerations for all reports

  528
• The Database Expert Links tab

  530
• Linking indexed tables

  530
• Link processing order

  531
• Linking options

  532
• Server-side processing

  545
• How server-side grouping affects the SQL query

  547
• Mapping database fields

  548
• About the Map Fields dialog box

  548
• Remapping processes

  549
• Remapping altered database fields

  551
• Saved Data Indexes

  552
• How Report Indexing works

  552
• Considerations for using Saved Data Indexes

  553
• Indexing the right field(s)

  553
• Unicode support in Crystal Reports

  554
• For additional information

  554
• Integrating Business Applications with Crystal Reports

  555
• Integrating with SAP

  555
• Introduction

  555
• Add-Ons

  559
• Reporting with SAP

  559
• Integrating with Oracle E-Business Suite

  617
• Overview

  617
• To access data in SAP Crystal Reports

  617
• Integrating with Siebel

  618
• Connecting to Siebel

  618
• Configuring the connection

  620
• Selecting business components

  625
• Refreshing reports with Siebel data

  625
• Updating reports created in earlier versions of Crystal Reports

  625
• Security

  626
• Views

  626
• Using Siebel formatting

  626
• Linking tables in reports

  627
• Multi-value columns

  628
• Data Types

  628
• Integrating with PeopleSoft

  629
• Overview

  629
• To access data in SAP Crystal Reports

  630
• Integrating with JD Edwards

  631
• Overview

  632
• To access data in SAP Crystal Reports

  632
• Accessing Data Sources

  633
• Introduction

  633
• Six types of data

  633
• Direct access database files

  634
• Advantages

  634
• Disadvantages

  634
• Three layers

  635
• Common database formats

  636
• ODBC data sources

  645
• Advantages

  646
• Disadvantages

  646
• Five layers

  647
• Installing database clients

  649
• To ensure correct ODBC DSN configuration

  649
• Common ODBC database formats

  650
• JDBC data sources

  653
• JNDI

  654
• Five layers

  654
• Supported JDBC database formats

  655
• Configuring the Crystal Reports JDBC driver

  656
• Business Objects universes

  656
• Business Views

  657
• Crystal SQL Designer files

  658
• Crystal Dictionary files

  659
• Report Processing Model

  661
• Overview

  661
• What is a "pass"?

  661
• Pre-pass 1

  661
• Pass 1

  661
• Pre-pass 2

  662
• Pass 2

  662
• Pass 3

  663
• Crystal Reports Error Messages

  665
• Drive:\filename.extension

  665
• Drive:\test.rpt

  665
• Failed to load database connector

  666
• number>]

  667
• Creating Accessible Reports

  669
• About accessibility

  669
• Benefits of accessible reports

  669
• About the accessibility guidelines

  670
• Accessibility and Business Objects products

  671
• Improving report accessibility

  671
• Placing objects in reports

  672
• Text

  673
• Color

  677
• Navigation

  678
• Parameter fields

  679
• Designing for flexibility

  679
• Accessibility and conditional formatting

  680
• Accessibility and suppressing sections

  681
• Accessibility and subreports

  681
• Improving data table accessibility

  682
• Text objects and data table values

  682
• Other data table design considerations

  687
• Accessibility and BusinessObjects Enterprise

  688
• Setting accessible preferences for BusinessObjects Enterprise

  688
• Accessibility and customization

  689
• Resources

  690
• More Information

  691