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Fundamentals of Sound
What is Sound?
Sound is the audible emissions resulting from the vibration of molecules 
within an elastic medium. It is generated by either a vibrating surface or the 
movement of a fluid. In the context of building HVAC systems, this elastic 
medium can be either air or the building structure. For structurally-borne sound 
to become audible, however, it must first become airborne.
Noise is different than sound. Sound is always present, but is not always 
obtrusive. Noise is defined as unwanted sound. Generally, people object to 
sound when it interferes with speech, concentration, or sleep.
What is Sound?
I
Audible emissions resulting from vibration of 
molecules within an elastic medium
I
Generated by vibrating surface or movement 
of a fluid
I
In buildings, it may be airborne or structure-
borne
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Noise is unwanted sound
Figure 3