Lincoln Electric IM366-B Manuale Utente
No one can learn to weld simply by reading about it.
Skill comes only with practice. The following pages
will help the inexperienced operator to understand
welding and develop this skill. For more detailed infor-
mation, order a copy of “New Lessons in Arc Welding”
listed inside the back cover of this manual.
Skill comes only with practice. The following pages
will help the inexperienced operator to understand
welding and develop this skill. For more detailed infor-
mation, order a copy of “New Lessons in Arc Welding”
listed inside the back cover of this manual.
THE ARC-WELDING CIRCUIT
The operator’s knowledge of arc welding must go
beyond the arc itself. The operator must know how to
control the arc, and this requires a knowledge of the
welding circuit and the equipment that provides the
electric current used in the arc. Following is a drawing
of the welding circuit for the SP-100. The circuit
begins where the gun cable is attached to the welding
machine. Current flows through the gun cable, gun,
and contact tip, to the wire and across the arc. On the
work side of the arc, current flows through the base
metal to the work cable and back to the welding
machine. This circuit must be complete for the current
to flow.
beyond the arc itself. The operator must know how to
control the arc, and this requires a knowledge of the
welding circuit and the equipment that provides the
electric current used in the arc. Following is a drawing
of the welding circuit for the SP-100. The circuit
begins where the gun cable is attached to the welding
machine. Current flows through the gun cable, gun,
and contact tip, to the wire and across the arc. On the
work side of the arc, current flows through the base
metal to the work cable and back to the welding
machine. This circuit must be complete for the current
to flow.
The SP-100 welding circuit has a voltage output of 28
volts DC maximum. This voltage is quite low and is
only present when the gun trigger is depressed.
volts DC maximum. This voltage is quite low and is
only present when the gun trigger is depressed.
To weld, the work clamp must be tightly connected to
clean base metal. Remove paint, rust, dirt or oil as
necessary and connect the work clamp as close as
possible to the area you wish to weld. This helps pre-
vent current from going through an unwanted path.
Avoid allowing the welding circuit to pass through
hinges, bearings, electronic components, or similar
devices that can be damaged. Always disconnect
electrical devices before welding upon them.
clean base metal. Remove paint, rust, dirt or oil as
necessary and connect the work clamp as close as
possible to the area you wish to weld. This helps pre-
vent current from going through an unwanted path.
Avoid allowing the welding circuit to pass through
hinges, bearings, electronic components, or similar
devices that can be damaged. Always disconnect
electrical devices before welding upon them.
–
15
–
Fume and slag generated from Innershield type
electrodes recommended for use with this welding
machine can be toxic.
electrodes recommended for use with this welding
machine can be toxic.
• Avoid contact with eyes and skin.
• Do not take internally.
• Keep out of reach of children.
• Follow all safety precautions found in this oper-
ating manual.
• Do not take internally.
• Keep out of reach of children.
• Follow all safety precautions found in this oper-
ating manual.
FIRST AID: If contact in eyes, flush immediately
with clean water for at least 15 minutes. If swal-
lowed, induce vomiting. Never give anything by
mouth to an unconscious person. Call a physi-
cian.
with clean water for at least 15 minutes. If swal-
lowed, induce vomiting. Never give anything by
mouth to an unconscious person. Call a physi-
cian.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
The gun and cable assembly is held by the operator
who guides the automatically fed wire along the joint,
maintaining a contact tip to work distance of about 3/8
to 1/2 inch (10 – 12 mm) (this is called electrical stick-
out). This electrical stickout (ESO) must be properly
maintained by the operator. The electric arc is made
in the gap between the work and the tip end of a small
diameter wire. When the power source is properly set,
the arc gap is maintained automatically.
who guides the automatically fed wire along the joint,
maintaining a contact tip to work distance of about 3/8
to 1/2 inch (10 – 12 mm) (this is called electrical stick-
out). This electrical stickout (ESO) must be properly
maintained by the operator. The electric arc is made
in the gap between the work and the tip end of a small
diameter wire. When the power source is properly set,
the arc gap is maintained automatically.
Arc welding is a manual skill requiring a steady hand,
good physical condition, and good eyesight. The oper-
ator controls the welding arc, and, therefore, the quali-
ty of the weld made.
good physical condition, and good eyesight. The oper-
ator controls the welding arc, and, therefore, the quali-
ty of the weld made.
THE SELF-SHIELDED FCAW WELDING
ARC
The following drawing illustrates the action taking
place in the self-shielded FCAW (Innershield) welding
arc. It closely resembles what is actually seen while
welding.
place in the self-shielded FCAW (Innershield) welding
arc. It closely resembles what is actually seen while
welding.
The “arc stream” is seen in the middle of the picture.
This is the electric arc created by the electric current
flowing through the space between the end of the wire
electrode and the base metal. The temperature of this
arc is about 6000°F, which is more than enough to
melt metal. The arc is very bright, as well as hot, and
cannot be looked at with the naked eye without risking
painful injury. The very dark lens, specifically
designed for arc welding, must be used with the
hand or face shield whenever viewing the arc.
This is the electric arc created by the electric current
flowing through the space between the end of the wire
electrode and the base metal. The temperature of this
arc is about 6000°F, which is more than enough to
melt metal. The arc is very bright, as well as hot, and
cannot be looked at with the naked eye without risking
painful injury. The very dark lens, specifically
designed for arc welding, must be used with the
hand or face shield whenever viewing the arc.
The arc melts the base metal and actually digs into it,
much as water through a nozzle on a garden hose
digs into the earth. The molten metal forms a molten
pool or crater and tends to flow away from the arc. As
it moves away from the arc, it cools and solidifies.
much as water through a nozzle on a garden hose
digs into the earth. The molten metal forms a molten
pool or crater and tends to flow away from the arc. As
it moves away from the arc, it cools and solidifies.
The function of the Innershield cored wire electrode is
much more than simply to carry current to the arc. The
wire core is composed of fluxes and/or alloying ingre-
dients around which a steel sheath has been formed.
It is simply a stick electrode turned inside out in a con-
tinuous wire form.
much more than simply to carry current to the arc. The
wire core is composed of fluxes and/or alloying ingre-
dients around which a steel sheath has been formed.
It is simply a stick electrode turned inside out in a con-
tinuous wire form.
LEARNING TO WELD
SP-100 Welder
and controls
and controls
Gun cable
Base metal
(work)
(work)
Work clamp
Work cable
Arc
Electronic components
Hinges
WARNING