Alcatel-Lucent 6850-48 ネットワークガイド

ページ / 1162
Configuring BFD
BFD Overview
OmniSwitch AOS Release 6 Network Configuration Guide
September 2009
page 30-9
BFD Overview
Detecting communication failures as soon as possible is the first step in any network recovery process; 
until a failure is detected, network convergence can’t begin. By rapidly detecting failures, BFD enables 
faster convergence of routing protocols particularly on shared media such as ethernet. 
The BFD protocol is very similar to the widely-used Hello mechanisms prevalent in a majority of routing 
protocols, with the exception that BFD tests bidirectional communication links, has smaller packets, and is 
focused exclusively on path-failure detection. BFD can also be less CPU-intensive in routers with distrib-
uted architecture because unlike routing protocol Hello packets, BFD packets can be processed on the 
interface modules rather than the control plane.
BFD protocol is a fairly simple Hello protocol designed to provide fast forwarding path failure detection 
that can be enabled at the interface and routing protocol levels. It helps in the verification of forwarding 
plane-to-forwarding plane connectivity (including links, interfaces, tunnels). It allows semantic separation 
of forwarding plane connectivity and control plane connectivity. BFD is a single mechanism that works 
independently of underlying media, data, and network protocols. It can be encapsulated within any rout-
ing protocol i.e. it can run on top of any routing protocol being forwarded between two systems. More-
over, it requires no changes to the existing protocols. This implementation of BFD supports BGP, OSPF, 
VRRP tracking, and static route protocols. 
Common BFD Applications include:
• Control plane liveliness detection
• Tunnel endpoint liveliness detection
Benefits of Using BFD For Failure Detection
It is more advantageous to implement BFD rather than reduce timer mechanisms for routing protocols due 
to the following reasons:
• BFD can detect failures in milliseconds without having to fine-tune routing protocol Hello timers.
• BFD is not tied to any particular routing protocol. As a result, BFD provides a generic and consistent 
failure detection mechanism for OSPF, BFP, VRRP Remote Tracking, and static routes.
• BFD is less CPU-intensive than reduced timer mechanisms for routing protocols.
How the BFD Protocol Works
A BFD session must be explicitly configured between two adjacent systems. Once BFD has been enabled 
on the interfaces and at the appropriate Layer 3 routing protocol level, a BFD session is created for the 
adjacent systems and BFD timers are negotiated between these systems. 
The BFD protocol does not have a neighbor discovery mechanism to detect neighboring systems; proto-
cols that BFD services notify BFD of devices to which it needs to establish sessions. For example, an 
OSPF implementation may request BFD to establish a session with a neighbor discovered using the OSPF 
Hello protocol. 
Once a session is established, BFD peers - neighboring systems sharing a BFD session - begin sending 
BFD control packets to each other over the bidirectional forwarding path. The packets are transmitted 
periodically at the negotiated rate. The BFD control packets function in a similar manner to that of an IGP 
Hello protocol, except at a more accelerated rate.