Mikroelektronika MIKROE-724 データシート
mikroBasic PRO for dsPIC30/33 and PIC24
MikroElektronika
213
Structures
A structure represents a heterogeneous set of elements. Each element is called a member; the declaration of a structure
type specifies a name and type for each member. The syntax of a structure type declaration is
structure structname
dim member1 as type1
‘...
dim membern as typen
end structure
where
structname
is a valid identifier, each
type
denotes a type, and each
member
is a valid identifier. The scope
of a member identifier is limited to the structure in which it occurs, so you don’t have to worry about naming conflicts
between member identifiers and other variables.
For example, the following declaration creates a structure type called
Dot
:
structure Dot
dim x as float
dim y as float
end structure
Each
Dot
contains two members:
x
and
y
coordinates; memory is allocated when you instantiate the structure, like this:
dim m, n as Dot
This variable declaration creates two instances of
Dot
, called
m
and
n
.
A member can be of the previously defined structure type. For example:
‘ Structure defining a circle:
structure Circle
dim radius as float
dim center as Dot
end structure
Structure Member Access
You can access the members of a structure by means of dot (
.
) as a direct member selector. If we had declared the
variables
circle1
and
circle2
of the previously defined type
Circle
:
dim circle1, circle2 as Circle
we could access their individual members like this:
circle1.radius = 3.7
circle1.center.x = 0
circle1.center.y = 0
You can also commit assignments between complex variables, if they are of the same type:
circle2 = circle1 ‘ This will copy values of all members