ZyXEL 35 Guia Do Utilizador

 

 

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IPSec is a set of IP extensions developed by IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) to provide security 

services compatible with the existing IP standard (IPv.4) and also the upcoming one (IPv.6). In addition, 

IPSec can protect any protocol that runs on top of IP, for instance TCP, UDP, and ICMP. The IPSec 

provides cryptographic security services. These services allow for authentication, integrity, access control, 

and confidentiality. IPSec allows for the information exchanged between remote sites to be encrypted and 

verified. You can create encrypted tunnels (VPNs), or just do encryption between computers. Since you 

have so many options, IPSec is truly the most extensible and complete network security solution. 

What secure protocols does IPSec support? 

There are two protocols provided by IPSec, they are AH (Authentication Header, protocol number 51) 

and ESP (Encapsulated Security Payload, protocol number 50). 

What are the differences between 'Transport mode' and 'Tunnel mode? 

 

The IPSec protocols (AH and ESP) can be used to protect either an entire IP payload or only the 

upper-layer protocols of an IP payload. Transport mode is mainly for an IP host to protect the data 

generated locally, while tunnel mode is for security gateway to provide IPSec service for other machines 

lacking of IPSec capability. 

In this case, Transport mode only protects the upper-layer protocols of IP payload (user data). Tunneling 

mode protects the entire IP payload including user data.   

There is no restriction that the IPSec hosts and the security gateway must be separate machines. Both 

IPSec protocols, AH and ESP, can operate in either transport mode or tunnel mode. 

 

 

A Security Association (SA) is a contract between two parties indicating what security parameters, such 

as keys and algorithms they will use. 

What is IKE? 

 

IKE is short for Internet Key Exchange. Key Management allows you to determine whether to use IKE 

(ISAKMP) or manual key configuration to set up a VPN.   

There are two phases in every IKE negotiation- phase 1 (Authentication) and phase 2 (Key Exchange). 

Phase 1 establishes an IKE SA and phase 2 uses that SA to negotiate SAs for IPSec. 

 

 

A pre-shared key identifies a communicating party during a phase 1 IKE negotiation. It is called 

'Pre-shared' because you have to share it with another party before you can communicate with them over 

a secure connection.