Hanna Instruments hi 95729 Manual Do Utilizador
6
Absorption of Light is a typical phenomenon of interaction between electromagnetic radiation and
matter. When a light beam crosses a substance, some of the radiation may be absorbed by
atoms, molecules or crystal lattices.
If pure absorption occurs, the fraction of light absorbed depends both on the optical path length
through the matter and on the
matter. When a light beam crosses a substance, some of the radiation may be absorbed by
atoms, molecules or crystal lattices.
If pure absorption occurs, the fraction of light absorbed depends both on the optical path length
through the matter and on the
physical
-chemical characteristics of the substance according to the
Lambert-Beer Law:
-log
I
/
I
o
ε
λ
c d
or
A ε
λ
c d
Where:
-log
I
/
I
o
=
Absorbance (A)
I
o
=
intensity of incident light beam
I
=
intensity of light beam after absorption
ε
λ
=
molar extinction coefficient at wavelength λ
c
=
molar concentration of the substance
d
=
optical path through the substance
Therefore, the concentration "c" can be calculated from the absorbance of the substance as the
other factors are known.
Photometric chemical analysis is based on the possibility to develop an absorbing compound
from a specific chemical reaction between sample and reagents. Given that the absorption of a
compound strictly depends on the wavelength of the incident light beam, a narrow spectral
bandwidth should be selected as well as a proper central wavelength to optimize measurements.
The optical system of Hanna's
other factors are known.
Photometric chemical analysis is based on the possibility to develop an absorbing compound
from a specific chemical reaction between sample and reagents. Given that the absorption of a
compound strictly depends on the wavelength of the incident light beam, a narrow spectral
bandwidth should be selected as well as a proper central wavelength to optimize measurements.
The optical system of Hanna's
HI 95 series colorimeters is based on special subminiature
tungsten lamps and narrow-band interference filters to guarantee both high performance and
reliable results.
reliable results.
HI 95 series block diagram (optical layout)
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
15
Use the validation procedure to ensure that the instrument is properly calibrated.
Warning: do not validate or calibrate the instrument with standard solutions other than the Hanna
CAL CHECK
Warning: do not validate or calibrate the instrument with standard solutions other than the Hanna
CAL CHECK
TM
Standards, otherwise erroneous results will be obtained. For accurate Validation and
Calibration results, please perform test at room temperature: 18 to 25°C (64.5 to 77.0°F).
• Turn the meter on by pressing ON/OFF.
When the LCD displays “729”, it is ready.
• Place the CAL CHECK
TM
Standard HI 95729-11
Cuvet
A into the holder and ensure that the
notch on the cap is positioned securely into
the groove.
the groove.
• Press ZERO and “SIP” will blink on the
display.
• After a few seconds the display will
show “-0.0-”. The meter is now zeroed and
ready for validation.
ready for validation.
• Remove the cuvet and place the CAL CHECK
TM
Standard HI 95729-11 Cuvet
B into the
holder. Ensure that the notch on the cap is
positioned securely into the groove.
positioned securely into the groove.
• Press CAL CHECK and “SIP” will blink during
measurement.
• Wait for a few seconds and the display will
show the validation standard value.
VALIDATION PROCEDURE
The reading should be within specifications as reported on the CAL CHECK
TM
Standard
Certificate. If the value found is out of specifications, please check that the cuvets are free of
fingerprints, oil or dirt and repeat validation. If results are still found out of specifications
then recalibrate the instrument.
fingerprints, oil or dirt and repeat validation. If results are still found out of specifications
then recalibrate the instrument.