Digi International Inc XBEEPRO2 Manual Do Utilizador

the same 16-bit PAN ID. If such a conflict is detected, the ZigBee stack can perform PAN ID conflict resolution to 
change the 16-bit PAN ID of the network in order to resolve the conflict. See the ZigBee specification for details.

To summarize, ZigBee routers and end devices should be configured with the 64-bit PAN ID of the network they 
want to join. They typically acquire the 16-bit PAN ID when they join a network.   

ZigBee utilizes direct-sequence spread spectrum modulation and operates on a fixed channel. The 802.15.4 PHY 
defines 16 operating channels in the 2.4 GHz frequency band. XBee modules support all 16 channels and XBee-
PRO modules support 14 of the 16 channels.

This section provides a more in-depth look at the ZigBee application stack layers (APS, ZDO) including a discussion 
on ZigBee endpoints, clusters, and profiles. Much of the material in this section can introduce unnecessary details of 
the ZigBee stack that are not required in many cases.

Skip this section if

•The XBee does not need to interoperate or talk to non-Digi ZigBee devices
•The XBee simply needs to send data between devices.

Read this section if

•The XBee may talk to non-Digi ZigBee devices
•The XBee requires network management and discovery capabilities of the ZDO layer
•The XBee needs to operate in a public application profile (smart energy, home automation, etc.)

The APS layer in ZigBee adds support for application profiles, cluster IDs, and endpoints.

Application profiles specify various device descriptions including required functionality for various devices. The 
collection of device descriptions forms an application profile. Application profiles can be defined as "Public" or 
"Private" profiles. Private profiles are defined by a manufacturer whereas public profiles are defined, developed, 
and maintained by the ZigBee Alliance. Each application profile has a unique profile identifier assigned by the 
ZigBee Alliance. 

Examples of public profiles include:

•Home Automation
•Smart Energy
•Commercial Building Automation

The Smart Energy profile, for example, defines various device types including an energy service portal, load 
controller, thermostat, in-home display, etc. The Smart Energy profile defines required functionality for each 
device type. For example, a load controller must respond to a defined command to turn a load on or off. By 
defining standard communication protocols and device functionality, public profiles allow interoperable ZigBee 
solutions to be developed by independent manufacturers. 

Digi XBee ZB firmware operates on a private profile called the Digi Drop-In Networking profile. However, the API 
firmware in the module can be used in many cases to talk to devices in public profiles or non-Digi private 
profiles. See the API Operations chapter for details.

A cluster is an application message type defined within a profile. Clusters are used to specify a unique 
function, service, or action. For example, the following are some clusters defined in the home automation 
profile:

•On/Off - Used to switch devices on or off (lights, thermostats, etc.)
•Level Control - Used to control devices that can be set to a level between on and off
•Color Control - Controls the color of color capable devices.