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Chapter 7
Autorouting and Autoplacement
7-6
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Use smaller Keep-out or Keep-in areas. Often, a PCB with Keep-in 
areas can be designed with an equivalent set of Keep-out areas, or 
vice-versa. Whenever possible, choose a design strategy that 
minimizes the total area of the board covered by these Keep-in or 
Keep-out areas since each area radically decreases the autoplacement 
algorithms’ effectiveness. 
With very dense boards, the last few parts may need to be 
hand-placed.
 
The autoplacement algorithms have been carefully 
tuned to optimize the routability of the final layout, rather than trying 
to pack all the parts into the smallest possible area. If the autoplacer 
places all but one or two parts, it may be faster to simply place them on 
the board by hand—using Ultiboard’s part shoving facility (not 
available in all versions) to ensure that parts do not overlap—than to 
spend time trying to tune the autoplacement parameters to achieve 
complete placement.
Autorouting
The following sections describe the autorouting functions in Ultiboard. 
Understanding How the Autorouter Works
Ultiboard contains four fundamental trace-routing functions:
router preprocessing
initial routing
rip-up and retry passes
optimization.
Ultiboard uses combinations of these functions to route a board. They are 
described in the 
 
section. Information on how to use these functions can be found in the