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The popular and more familiar constellations often provide the easiest landmarks to 
help find the planet’s locations and paths of orbit. Most people have looked up at the 
sky at night and seen some of the planets without even realizing it. A planet looks like a 
bright star but does not twinkle like a star does; it looks like a tiny ball. Venus, Mars, 
Jupiter, and Saturn are the easiest planets to view. Mercury is dimmer, usually below 
the horizon, and more challenging to find.  
 
Each of the planets provides interesting views. Venus is covered with clouds so all that 
is visible is an extremely bright light, the brightest next to the moon. However, Venus, 
like the moon, goes through phases. As it travels around the sun, different areas of its 
surface are illuminated, producing crescent shapes of varying sizes. Mars is the red 
planet. When it is above the horizon, it is noticeably red and stands out like a beacon in 
the night sky. The apparent brightness of Mars varies as the planet orbits around the 
sun and throughout its period of visiblity, it will look brighter or dimmer depending on its 
distance from Earth. 
 
Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system and the second brightest next to Venus. 
Jupiter has many moons, four of which are often visible through your telescope when 
viewing conditions permit. As you watch them throughout the evening, you will see that 
they change position relative to each other and to Jupiter. It is possible with careful 
planning to actually see one of the moons disappear either in front of or behind Jupiter 
as it orbits around the planet. Another great feature of Jupiter is its cloud belt. Jupiter is 
alive with weather activity and its clouds have formed over time into belts visible through 
telescopes in the right atmospheric conditions. 
 
Saturn, the second largest planet, is not as bright as Jupiter and so its moons are not as 
visible through small telescopes. The large rings that encircle Saturn are spectacular to 
observe, however. The planet and its rings appear pale yellow. The major division in the 
rings, the Cassini division, is possible to see if you keep the telescope firmly in position.  
 
Uranus and Neptune are the last of the solar system’s gas giants. They do not provide 
as spectacular a sight as Jupiter or Saturn, but are nonetheless rewarding to see. 
 
Beyond our solar system there are many more objects to be found. Galaxies, nebulae, 
and star clusters abound!