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ADOBE PHOTOSHOP CS2 
User Guide 
The Free Transform command 
The Free Transform command lets you apply transformations (rotate, scale, skew, distort, and perspective) in one 
continuous operation. In Photoshop, you can also apply a warp transformation. Instead of choosing different 
commands, you simply hold down a key on your keyboard to switch between transformation types. 
Note: (Photoshop) If you are transforming a shape or entire path, the Transform command becomes the Transform Path 
command. If you are transforming multiple path segments (but not the entire path), the Transform command becomes 
the Transform Points command. 
To transform freely
Select what you want to transform.
Do one of the following:
Choose Edit > Free Transform. 
If you are transforming a selection, pixel-based layer, or selection border, choose the Move tool 
. Then select 
Show Transform Controls (Photoshop) or Show Transform Box (ImageReady) in the options bar. 
(Photoshop) If you are transforming a vector shape or path, select the Path Selection tool 
. Then select Show 
Transform Controls in the options bar. 
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Do one or more of the following: 
• 
To scale by dragging, drag a handle. Press Shift as you drag a corner handle to scale proportionately. 
• 
icon
To scale numerically, enter percentages in the Width and Height text boxes in the options bar. Click the Link
 to maintain the aspect ratio. 
To rotate by dragging, move the pointer outside the bounding border (it becomes a curved, two-sided arrow), and 
then drag. Press Shift to constrain the rotation to 15˚ increments. 
To rotate numerically, enter degrees in the rotation text box
 in the options bar. 
To distort relative to the center point of the bounding border, press Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS), and drag 
a handle. 
To distort freely, press Ctrl (Windows) or Command (Mac OS), and drag a handle. 
To skew, press Ctrl+Shift (Windows) or Command+Shift (Mac OS), and drag a side handle. When positioned over 
a side handle, the pointer becomes a white arrowhead with a small double arrow. 
To skew numerically, enter degrees in the H (horizontal skew) and V (vertical skew) text boxes in the options bar. 
To apply perspective, press Ctrl+Alt+Shift (Windows) or Command+Option+Shift (Mac OS), and drag a corner 
handle. When positioned over a corner handle, the pointer becomes a gray arrowhead. 
To warp, click the Switch Between Free Transform And Warp Modes button 
in the options bar. Drag control 
points  to  manipulate  the shape  of  the item or choose a warp  from  the Warp Style  pop-up  menu  in  the options  bar.  
After choosing from the Warp Style pop-up menu, you can still drag the control points. 
To change the reference point, click a square on the reference point locator
 in the options bar. 
To move an item, enter values for the new location of the reference in the X (horizontal position) and Y (vertical 
position) text boxes in the options bar. In Photoshop, click the Relative Positioning button 
to specify the new 
position in relation to the current position.