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SMBus is also called I
2
C bus. It is a two-wire bus developed for component communication (especially for semiconductor IC). For 
example, set clock of clock generator for jumper-less motherboard. The data transfer rate of SMBus is only 100Kbit/s, it allows one 
host to communicate with CPU and many masters and slaves to send/receive message. 
 
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SPD is a small ROM or 
 device resided on the DIMM or 
. SPD stores memory module information such as DRAM 
timing and chip parameters. SPD can be used by 
 to decide best timing for this DIMM or RIMM. 
 
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A Universal Serial Bus (USB) is an external bus (an interconnection) standard that supports data transfer rates of 12 Mbps. A single 
USB port can be used to connect up to 127 peripheral devices, such as mouse, modems and keyboards. Introduced in 1996, USB 
has completed replaced serial and parallel ports. It also supports plug-and-play installations and hot plugging Plug-and-play is the 
ability to add and remove devices to a computer while the computer is running and have the operating system automatically 
recognize the change. USB 2.0, which supports data transfer rates of 480 Mbps, has been widely used in motherboard these days.   
 
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NEC’s Virtual Channel Memory (VCM) is a new DRAM core architecture that dramatically improves the memory system’s ability to 
service multimedia requirements. VCM increases memory bus efficiency and performance of any DRAM technology by providing a 
set of fast static registers between the memory core and I/O pins. Using VCM technology results in reduced data access latency 
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