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This is the compressed form of digital signals. A decoder decodes 
these signals into 5.1 surround and multi-channel signals.

CPRM is the copy right protection technology that is used to protect 
broadcasts that are allowed to be recorded only once (e.g. some 
CATV broadcasts).

This is the process of remixing the multi-channel audio found on 
some discs into two channels for stereo output. It is useful when you 
want to listen to the 5.1-channel audio recorded on DVDs through 
your television’s speakers. Some discs prohibit down-mixing and this 
unit can then only output the front two channels.

Dynamic range is the difference between the lowest level of sound 
that can be heard above the noise of the equipment and the highest 
level of sound before distortion occurs.
Dynamic range compression means reducing the gap between the 
loudest and softest sounds. This means you can listen at low 
volumes but still hear dialogue clearly. 

DVD-Videos are recorded using either film or video. Usually, film is 
recorded at 24 frames per second, the rate movies are filmed at, 
while video is recorded at 30 frames per second.

This process allows DVD-R to be played on compatible equipment.

Formatting is the process of making media such as DVD-RAM 
recordable on recording equipment.
You can format DVD-RAM on this unit. 
Formatting irrevocably erases all recordings on the disc.

Frames are the still pictures that go together to make a moving 
picture. A frame consists of 2 fields.

≥A frame still consists of 2 alternating fields, so the picture may 

appear blurred, but overall quality is high.

≥A field still is not blurred, but it has only half the information of a 

frame still so picture quality is lower.

The PAL video signal standard has 625 (or 576) interlaced (i) scan 
lines, whereas progressive scanning, called 625p (or 576p), uses 
twice the number of scan lines. For the NTSC standard, these are 
called 525i (or 480i) and 525p (or 480p) respectively.
Using progressive output, you can enjoy the high-resolution video 
recorded on media such as DVD-Video.
Your television must be compatible to enjoy progressive video.
Panasonic television with 625 (576)/50i · 50p, 525 (480)/60i · 60p 
input terminals are progressive compatible.

These are uncompressed digital signals. CDs are recorded with 44.1 
kHz/16 bit PCM, while DVDs use PCM between 48 kHz/16 bit and 96 
kHz/24 bit, allowing playback with greater quality sound.
The linear PCM signals output from the DIGITAL AUDIO OUT, 
OPTICAL terminal are stereo (2 channels).
LPCM sound is available when recording in XP mode.

An audio compression method that compresses audio to 
approximately one tenth of its size without any considerable loss of 
audio quality.

In general, DVD-Video are produced with the intention to be viewed 
on a widescreen TV with an aspect ratio of 16:9.
This means you can view most of material with the intended aspect 
ratio on a widescreen TV.
Material with this ratio will not fit onto a standard TV with an aspect 
ratio of 4:3. 2 styles of picture, “Pan & Scan” and “Letterbox”, deal 
with this problem.
Pan & Scan:

The sides are cut off so the picture fills the screen.

Letterbox:

Black bands appear at the top and bottom of the 
screen so the picture appears in an aspect ratio of 
16:9.

This is a method of playing Video CDs. You can select parts to play 
by using menus recorded on the disc.

You can prevent accidental erasure by setting writing protection or 
erasure protection. 

The sampling frequency is the number of times per second an 
analog signal is measured and converted to a digital signal. In 
general, the larger the number the greater accuracy of original sound 
reproduction.

This is a method of video recording that adjusts the bit rate according 
to video signal.

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