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Food Characteristics
Bone and Fat
Both bone and fat affect cooking. Bones 
may cause irregular cooking. Meat next to 
the tips of bones may overcook while meat 
positioned under a large bone, such as a 
ham bone, may be undercooked. Large 
amounts of fat absorb microwave energy and the meat next to 
these areas may overcook.
Density
Porous, airy foods such as breads, cakes 
or rolls take less time to cook than heavy, 
dense foods such as potatoes and roasts. 
When reheating donuts or other foods with 
different centers be very careful. Certain 
foods have centers made with sugar, water, 
or fat and these centers attract microwaves 
(For example, jelly donuts). When a jelly 
donut is heated, the jelly can become extremely hot while the 
exterior remains warm to the touch. This could result in a burn 
if the food is not allowed to cool properly in the center.
Quantity
Two potatoes take longer to cook than one potato. 
As the quantity of the food decreases so does the 
cooking time. Overcooking will cause the moisture 
content in the food to decrease and a fire could 
result. Never leave microwave unattended while in 
use.
Shape
Uniform sizes heat more evenly. The thin 
end of a drumstick will cook more quickly 
than the meaty end. To compensate for 
irregular shapes, place thin parts toward 
the center of the dish and thick pieces 
toward the edge.
Size
Thin pieces cook more quickly than thick 
pieces.
Starting Temperature
Foods that are at room temperature take less time to 
cook than if they are chilled, refrigerated, or frozen.
Cooking Techniques
Piercing
Foods with skins or membranes must 
be pierced scored or have a strip of 
skin peeled before cooking to allow 
steam to escape. Pierce clams, oysters, 
chicken livers, whole potatoes and 
whole vegetables. Whole apples or new 
potatoes should have a 1-inch strip of 
skin peeled before cooking. Score sausages and frankfurters. 
Do not Cook/Reheat whole eggs with or without the shell. 
Steam build up in whole eggs may cause them to explode, and 
possibly damage the oven or cause injury. Reheating SLICED 
hard-boiled eggs and cooking SCRAMBLED eggs is safe.
Browning
Foods will not have the same brown 
appearance as conventionally cooked 
foods or those foods which are cooked 
utilizing a browning feature. Meats and 
poultry may be coated with browning 
sauce, Worcestershire sauce, barbecue 
sauce or shake-on browning sauce. To use, combine browning 
sauce with melted butter or margarine and brush on before 
cooking. For quick breads or muffins, brown sugar can be used 
in the recipe in place of granulated sugar, or the surface can be 
sprinkled with dark spices before baking.
Spacing
Individual foods, such as baked potatoes, 
cupcakes and appetizers, will cook more 
evenly if placed in the oven equal distances 
apart. When possible, arrange foods in a 
circular pattern.
IP1156_38S70AP_Eng_52_071008.indd   Sec1:25
IP1156_38S70AP_Eng_52_071008.indd   Sec1:25
2007-10-8   @Tom@ 9:58:24
2007-10-8   @Tom@ 9:58:24