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A system in which colors are produced 
by combining red, green, and blue light 
(the additive primaries). An RGB video 
monitor is based on an additive color 
model.

Red, green, and blue light that is used in 
additive color systems. When added 
together in proper amounts, these colors 
of light produce white. 

A visible defect in an image, usually 
caused by limitations in the input or 
output process (hardware or software); 
a blemish or error.

Visible steps between shades in a color 
gradient.

Amount of information used for each 
pixel in a raster image. Black and white 
images require only one bit per pixel. 
Grayscale images with 256 shades of gray 
require 8 bits (or 1 byte) per pixel. 
Photographic quality color images can 
require 24 bits per pixel (RGB images) 
or 32 bits per pixel (CMYK images).

An image comprised of small squares 
arranged in a grid. Each square in the 
grid is a pixel. The number of pixels per 
inch defines the resolution of a bitmap. 

An undesirable effect that occurs when 
excess amounts of toner, possibly 
combined with certain types of paper 
stock, cause objects in an image to 
spread beyond its boundaries as defined 
in the file.

A graphics file format established by 
Microsoft and native to the Windows 
operating system.

The process of ensuring that a device 
behaves consistently with respect to a set 
of specifications. 

See color management system.

A subtractive color model that uses cyan, 
magenta, yellow, and black, or process 
colors, used in color printing; a color 
model used in the printing of colors in 
four-color process printing.

A single-color image that can be edited 
separately from the other color channels 
comprising a color space—for example, 
the red channel of an RGB image.

See gamut.