用户手册 — GE General Electric Oxygen Equipment PT878

目录

• Chapter 1. Features and Capabilities

  17
  • 1.1 Overview

    17
  • 1.2 System Description

    18
    • 1.2.1 The Flowcell

      18
    • 1.2.2 Electronics Package

      19
  • 1.3 Theory of Operation

    20
• Chapter 2. Initial Setup

  21
  • Figure 1: The PT878 and Accessories

    21
  • 2.1 Making Electrical Connections

    22
    • Figure 2: Connection Locations

      22
    • 2.1.1 Power Connections

      23
    • 2.1.2 Transducer Connections

      23
    • 2.1.3 Input/Output Connections

      23
    • 2.1.4 The Infrared Wireless Interface

      24
  • 2.2 Caring for the PT878 Batteries

    25
    • 2.2.1 Charging and Storing the Batteries

      25
    • 2.2.2 Replacing the Batteries

      26
      • Figure 3: Battery Location

        27
    • 2.2.3 Disposing of Batteries

      27
  • 2.3 Powering ON and OFF

    28
    • Figure 4: Screen After Powering ON

      29
    • Figure 5: Shutdown Menu

      30
  • 2.4 Using the Screen and Keypad

    31
    • 2.4.1 Screen

      31
      • Figure 6: PT878 Screen in Operate Mode

        31
    • 2.4.2 Keypad

      33
      • Figure 7: PT878 Keypad

        34
  • 2.5 Obtaining On-Line Help

    35
    • Figure 8: Main Help Menu

      35
• Chapter 3. Programming Site Data

  37
  • 3.1 Entering the Program Menu

    38
    • Figure 9: Program Menu

      38
  • 3.2 Entering Transducer Parameters

    39
    • Figure 10: Transducer Option Window

      39
    • Figure 11: Transducer Numbers Drop-Down List

      41
    • 3.2.1 Parameters for Special Transducers

      42
      • Figure 12: High Angle Error Message Window

        43
      • Figure 13: Low Angle Error Message Window

        44
      • Figure 14: Transducer Spacing Change Window

        45
    • 3.2.2 Confirming Entries

      46
  • 3.3 Entering Pipe Parameters

    46
    • Figure 15: Pipe Option Window

      46
    • Figure 16: Soundspeed Error Message Window

      48
    • Figure 17: Transducer Spacing Change Window

      49
  • 3.4 Entering Pipe Lining Parameters

    51
    • Figure 18: Pipe Lining Window

      51
  • 3.5 Entering Fluid Types and Speeds

    53
    • Figure 19: Fluid Type Window

      53
  • 3.6 Entering the Signal Path Parameters

    55
    • Figure 20: Signal Path Window

      55
    • 3.6.1 Path Parameters for Clamp-On Transducers

      56
    • 3.6.2 Path Parameters for Wetted Transducers

      57
  • 3.7 Entering the Energy Option Parameters

    58
    • Figure 21: Energy Option Window

      58
    • 3.7.1 Entering Inputs in the Energy Option

      60
      • Figure 22: Inputs Tab in the Energy Option

        60
    • 3.7.2 Entering Custom Cp Data in the Energy Option

      62
      • Figure 23: Custom Cp Tab in the Energy Option

        62
      • Figure 24: Custom Cp (temperature vs. enthalpy) Table

        63
      • Figure 25: Fluid Density Table

        64
  • 3.8 Entering Analog Inputs

    66
    • 3.8.1 Entering General-Purpose Analog Inputs

      66
      • Figure 26: Analog Inputs Option Window

        66
      • Figure 27: Text Creation Window

        67
    • 3.8.2 Entering Analog Inputs in the Energy Option

      68
      • Figure 28: Analog Inputs Option Window - Energy Option Activated

        68
  • 3.9 Entering the Analog Output

    70
    • Figure 29: Analog Output Window

      70
    • Figure 30: Data Source Selection Window

      71
  • 3.10 Entering the Digital Output

    73
    • Figure 31: Digital Output Window

      73
  • 3.11 Entering User Functions

    77
    • Figure 32: User Functions Window

      77
    • Figure 33: Text Creation Window

      78
    • Figure 34: Function Creation Window

      80
    • 3.11.1 Entering Correction Factors

      81
      • Figure 35: Reynolds Correction Window

        81
    • 3.11.2 Entering Reynolds Correction

      81
    • 3.11.3 Entering a Calibration Factor

      83
      • Figure 36: The Calibration Factor Window

        83
      • Figure 37: KFactor Table

        85
• Chapter 4. Creating and Managing Sites

  87
  • Figure 38: Site Menu

    87
  • 4.1 The Site Manager

    88
    • Figure 39: Site Manager Window

      88
    • Figure 40: Site Manager Menu

      89
    • 4.1.1 Creating a New Site

      90
      • Figure 41: Name Entry Window for a New Site

        90
      • Figure 42: Template Confirmation Window

        91
    • 4.1.2 Opening an Existing Site

      92
      • Figure 43: Open Site Confirmation Window

        92
    • 4.1.3 Saving a Site

      93
      • Figure 44: Save Current Site Window

        93
    • 4.1.4 Saving a Site with a Different Name

      94
      • Figure 45: Save As (Another Name) Window

        94
    • 4.1.5 Refreshing a Site

      95
    • 4.1.6 Renaming a Site

      95
      • Figure 46: Rename Site Window

        95
    • 4.1.7 Deleting a Site

      96
      • Figure 47: Delete Confirmation Window

        96
    • 4.1.8 Creating a Site Message

      97
      • Figure 48: Site Menu in the Site Manager

        97
      • Figure 49: Text Creation Window

        98
    • 4.1.9 Printing a Current Site

      99
    • 4.1.10 Transferring a Site File to a PC

      99
      • Figure 50: IR_Inbox Folder - Transferred Site File

        100
    • 4.1.11 Transferring a Site File in Text Format to a PC

      100
    • 4.1.12 Transferring a File from a PC to the PT878

      101
      • Figure 51: QuickBeam Window

        101
      • Figure 52: Infrared Icon in System Tray

        102
      • Figure 53: Wireless Link Window

        102
      • Figure 54: Wireless Link Icon

        103
    • 4.1.13 Listing Files by Name

      104
      • Figure 55: Sort Submenu

        104
    • 4.1.14 Listing Files in Chronological Order

      104
• Chapter 5. Displaying and Configuring Data

  105
  • Figure 56: Display Screen After Pressing [SEL]

    105
  • 5.1 The Format Option

    106
    • Figure 57: Number Format Window

      106
  • 5.2 The View Option

    108
    • Figure 58: Screen After Format Change

      108
  • 5.3 The Limits Option

    109
    • Figure 59: Line (or Bar) Graph Parameters Window

      109
  • 5.4 The Measurement Option

    111
    • Figure 60: Measurement Menu Window

      112
  • 5.5 Customizing the Display Screen

    113
    • Figure 61: Site Menu

      113
    • 5.5.1 Specifying the Number of Displayed Parameters

      114
      • Figure 62: Display Screen Configured for Single View

        114
    • 5.5.2 Customizing Softkeys

      115
      • Figure 63: FKeys Menu

        115
      • Figure 64: Configure FKey Window

        116
      • Figure 65: Display Screen with Modified Softkey

        117
  • 5.6 Managing Files — The Drive Manager

    118
    • Figure 66: Drive Manager Window

      118
    • Figure 67: File Manager Menu

      119
    • 5.6.1 Transferring a File to a PC

      120
      • Figure 68: IR_Inbox Folder - Transferred File

        120
    • 5.6.2 Transferring a File from a PC to the PT878

      121
      • Figure 69: QuickBeam Window

        121
      • Figure 70: Infrared Icon in System Tray

        122
      • Figure 71: Wireless Link Window

        122
      • Figure 72: Wireless Link Icon

        123
    • 5.6.3 Refreshing a File

      123
    • 5.6.4 Deleting a File

      124
      • Figure 73: Delete Confirmation Window

        124
    • 5.6.5 Listing Files by Name

      125
      • Figure 74: Sort Submenu

        125
    • 5.6.6 Listing Files in Chronological Order

      125
  • 5.7 Accessing Meter Data —The About Option

    126
    • Figure 75: About Window

      126
• Chapter 6. Programming Meter Settings

  127
  • 6.1 Entering the Meter Menu

    128
    • Figure 76: Meter Menu

      128
  • 6.2 Selecting Measurement Units

    129
    • Figure 77: Meter Settings Window

      129
  • 6.3 The Battery Charger

    130
    • Figure 78: Battery Charger Window

      130
  • 6.4 Entering Date and Time

    131
  • 6.5 Changing Date and Time Appearance

    133
    • Figure 79: Format Tab in the Display Options Window

      133
  • 6.6 Adjusting the Contrast

    136
    • Figure 80: Display Tab in the Display Options Window

      136
  • 6.7 Setting Backlight Timeout

    137
  • 6.8 Changing the Display Language

    138
    • Figure 81: Confirmation Window for Language Change

      138
    • Figure 82: French Version of Typical Display

      139
  • 6.9 Changing Communications Settings

    139
    • Figure 83: Communications Window

      140
  • 6.10 Resetting Forward and Reverse Totals

    142
    • Figure 84: Resetting Totals Menu

      142
  • 6.11 Setting Up User Tables

    143
    • Figure 85: User Tables Window

      143
    • Figure 86: Text Creation Window

      144
    • Figure 87: Edit User Table Window

      145
  • 6.12 Taking a Bitmap Capture of a Current Screen

    146
• Chapter 7. Logging Data

  147
  • 7.1 Entering the Logging Menu

    148
    • Figure 88: Logging Menu

      148
  • 7.2 The Log Manager

    149
    • Figure 89: Log Manager Window

      149
  • 7.3 The File Menu

    150
    • Figure 90: File Menu in the Log Manager

      150
    • 7.3.1 Setting up a New Log

      151
      • Figure 91: New Log Window

        151
      • Figure 92: General Log Format Window

        152
      • Figure 93: Log Measurements Window

        154
      • Figure 94: Select Measurement Window

        155
    • 7.3.2 Copying (Cloning) a Selected Log

      156
    • 7.3.3 Renaming a Log

      157
    • 7.3.4 Deleting a Log

      157
      • Figure 95: Delete Confirmation Window

        158
    • 7.3.5 Deleting All Logs

      158
    • 7.3.6 Refreshing the Log Manager Screen

      158
    • 7.3.7 Printing a Log

      159
      • Figure 96: Enter Time Window

        159
    • 7.3.8 Transferring a Log to a PC

      160
  • 7.4 The Log Menu

    161
    • Figure 97: Log Menu in the Log Manager

      161
    • 7.4.1 Stopping (Pausing) a Log

      162
    • 7.4.2 Restarting a Log

      162
    • 7.4.3 Ending a Log

      162
    • 7.4.4 Stopping All Logs

      163
    • 7.4.5 Restarting All Logs

      163
    • 7.4.6 Ending All Logs

      163
    • 7.4.7 View All Sites

      163
  • 7.5 The View Menu

    164
    • Figure 98: View Menu

      164
    • 7.5.1 Displaying Log Details

      165
      • Figure 99: Log Details Display Window - List of Measurements in Log

        165
    • 7.5.2 Displaying Log Data in Graphical Form

      166
      • Figure 100: Log Graph Display Window

        166
      • Figure 101: Y-Axis Window

        167
      • Figure 102: Enter Time Window

        168
    • 7.5.3 Displaying Log Data in Spreadsheet Form

      169
      • Figure 103: Log Spreadsheet Window

        169
  • 7.6 The Sort Menu

    170
    • Figure 104: Sort Menu in the Log Manager

      170
    • 7.6.1 Listing Logs by Name

      170
    • 7.6.2 Listing Logs in Chronological Order

      170
• Chapter 8. Servicing the PT878

  171
  • 8.1 Entering the Service Menu

    172
    • Figure 105: Service Menu

      172
  • 8.2 Printing Reports

    173
    • Figure 106: Reports Window

      173
    • Figure 107: Printout of a Typical Drive Report

      174
  • 8.3 Setting up the Thickness Gauge

    175
  • 8.4 Measuring Pipe Wall Thickness

    176
    • 8.4.1 Entering the Material and Soundspeed

      176
      • Figure 108: Material Window

        176
    • 8.4.2 Measuring Thickness in Numeric Format

      178
      • Figure 109: Thickness Gauge Display Window

        178
    • 8.4.3 Displaying the Receive Signal in Graphical Format

      179
      • Figure 110: Thickness Gauge Graph Window

        179
      • Figure 111: Graph Window in Zoom Format

        180
    • 8.4.4 Calibrating the Thickness Gauge Transducer

      181
      • Figure 112: Zero Window

        181
    • 8.4.5 Calculating Velocity (Pipe Material Soundspeed)

      184
      • Figure 113: Soundspeed Window

        184
      • Figure 114: Velocity Window - Calculated and Current Values

        185
  • 8.5 Programming the Thickness Gauge

    186
    • Figure 115: Thickness Gauge Programming Window

      187
  • 8.6 Displaying Diagnostic Parameters

    189
    • Figure 116: Diagnostics Window

      189
  • 8.7 Calibrating the Analog Output and Inputs

    190
    • Figure 117: Outputs Window in the Calibration Option

      190
    • 8.7.1 Calibrating the Analog Output

      190
    • 8.7.2 Calibrating Inputs

      192
      • Figure 118: Inputs Window in the Calibrate Option

        192
  • 8.8 Setting up Signal Parameters

    194
    • Figure 119: Signal Parameter Window

      194
    • 8.8.1 Setting up Signal Parameters

      195
    • 8.8.2 Setting up Peak Detection

      197
      • Figure 120: Peak Detection Window - Signal Setup Option

        197
    • 8.8.3 Selecting the Transmit Code

      199
      • Figure 121: Pulse/Code Window - Signal Setup Option

        199
  • 8.9 Setting Error Limits

    200
    • Figure 122: Signal Error Limits Option

      200
  • 8.10 The Test Option

    203
    • Figure 123: Test Option in the Service Menu

      203
    • 8.10.1 Testing the Screen

      204
      • Figure 124: Functioning Test Screen

        204
    • 8.10.2 Testing the Keys

      205
      • Figure 125: Test Keys Window

        205
    • 8.10.3 Testing the Watchdog Timer Circuit

      206
      • Figure 126: Watchdog Test Screen

        206
    • 8.10.4 Setting Impulse Response

      207
      • Figure 127: Impulse Response Option

        207
    • 8.10.5 Taking Wave Samples for Diagnosis

      208
    • 8.10.6 Applying a Stored Signal for Diagnosis

      208
    • 8.10.7 Testing the Battery

      209
      • Figure 128: Battery Test Option

        209
  • 8.11 Resetting to Factory Default Parameters

    210
    • Figure 129: Factory Defaults Option

      210
  • 8.12 Updating PT878 Software

    211
    • 8.12.1 Updating Software Via IrOBEX

      212
      • Figure 130: Flash Update Window

        212
      • Figure 131: Flash Reloading Window

        212
    • 8.12.2 Updating Software Via IrCOMM

      213
      • Figure 132: Port Settings for COMM 4

        214
      • Figure 133: Flash Update Option

        215
      • Figure 134: Flash Reloading Window

        216
      • Figure 135: The Send File Window in the Transfer Menu

        217
      • Figure 136: The File Transmission Window

        217
• Chapter 9. Diagnostics and Troubleshooting

  219
  • 9.1 Error Code Messages

    220
  • 9.2 Displaying Diagnostic Parameters

    222
  • 9.3 Flowcell Problems

    224
    • 9.3.1 Fluid Problems

      224
    • 9.3.2 Pipe Problems

      225
  • 9.4 Transducer Problems

    226
    • 9.4.1 Wetted Transducer Problems

      226
    • 9.4.2 Clamp-on Transducer Problems

      227
    • 9.4.3 Relocating Transducers

      228
• Chapter 10. Specifications

  229
  • 10.1 Overall

    229
    • 10.1.1 Hardware Configuration

      229
    • 10.1.2 Size/Weight

      229
    • 10.1.3 Enclosure

      229
    • 10.1.4 Flow Accuracy (Velocity, % of reading):

      229
  • 10.2 Electrical

    230
  • 10.3 Operational Specifications

    232
  • 10.4 Transducer

    233
    • 10.4.1 Clamp-On Ultrasonic Flow Transducers

      233
    • 10.4.2 Temperature Transducers

      233
  • 10.5 Pipe Size and Material

    233
    • 10.5.1 Clamp-On Transducers:

      233
  • 10.6 Available Options

    234
• Appendix A. Menu Maps

  235
  • Figure 137: Main Menu

    235
  • Figure 138: Site Menu

    237
  • Figure 139: Program Menu with Pipe Option

    238
  • Figure 140: Meter Menu

    239
  • Figure 141: Logging Menu

    240
  • Figure 142: Service Menu

    241
  • Figure 143: Transducer Option

    243
  • Figure 144: Lining Option

    244
  • Figure 145: Fluid Option

    245
  • Figure 146: Path Option

    246
  • Figure 147: Energy Option

    247
  • Figure 148: Analog Input Option

    248
  • Figure 149: Analog Output Option

    249
  • Figure 150: Digital Output Option

    250
  • Figure 151: User Functions Option

    251
  • Figure 152: Correction Factors Option

    252
  • Figure 153: Communications Option

    253
• Appendix B. Measuring P and L Dimensions

  255
  • Figure 154: Top View of 180° Transducer Installation

    255
  • Figure 155: Determining the Pipe Coupling Length

    256
• Appendix C. Temperature Transmitter Installation

  259
  • C.1 Guidelines for RTD Installation

    259
  • C.2 Mounting RTDs on the Pipe

    260
    • C.2.1 Assembling the Clamping Fixture

      260
    • C.2.2 Mounting the RTD to the Pipe

      261
  • C.3 Making Electrical Connections

    261
    • C.3.1 Connecting the RTD to the 4 to 20-mA Transmitter

      262
    • C.3.2 Connecting the Transmitter to the PT878

      263
      • Figure 156: Connection Locations

        263
• Appendix D. Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Theory of Operation

  265
  • D.1 Factors Affecting Performance and Accuracy

    266
    • D.1.1 Transducer Positioning/Alignment

      267
      • Figure 157: Proper Alignment of Transducers for Cylindrical Surfaces

        267
    • D.1.2 Calibration

      268
    • D.1.3 Taper or Eccentricity

      268
    • D.1.4 Acoustic Properties of the Material

      268
• Appendix E. Material Safety Data Sheet for Couplant

  269
  • E.1 Product Identification

    269
  • E.2 Hazardous Ingredients

    269
  • E.3 Physical Data (nominal)

    270
  • E.4 Fire and Explosion Hazard Data

    270
  • E.5 Reactivity Data

    270
  • E.6 Health Hazard and First Aid Data

    271
  • E.7 Storage and Handling Information

    271
  • E.8 Control Measures

    272
• Appendix F. Establishing IR Communications

  273
• Appendix G. Glossary

  275