Atmel ARM-Based Evaluation Kit AT91SAM9N12-EK AT91SAM9N12-EK Data Sheet
Product codes
AT91SAM9N12-EK
Coprocessor Interface
8-2
Copyright © 2001-2003 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DDI0198D
8.1
About the ARM926EJ-S external coprocessor interface
The ARM926EJ-S supports the connection of on-chip coprocessors to the ARM9EJ-S
core through an external coprocessor interface. All types of coprocessor instructions are
supported.
core through an external coprocessor interface. All types of coprocessor instructions are
supported.
8.1.1
Overview
Coprocessors determine the instructions that they have to execute by using a pipeline
follower in the coprocessor. As each instruction arrives from memory it enters both the
ARM9EJ-S pipeline and the coprocessor pipeline. To avoid a critical path for the
instruction being latched by the coprocessor, the coprocessor pipeline must operate one
clock cycle behind the ARM9EJ-S core pipeline.
follower in the coprocessor. As each instruction arrives from memory it enters both the
ARM9EJ-S pipeline and the coprocessor pipeline. To avoid a critical path for the
instruction being latched by the coprocessor, the coprocessor pipeline must operate one
clock cycle behind the ARM9EJ-S core pipeline.
The two pipelines are synchronized by stalling the ARM9EJ-S core pipeline in its first
Execute cycle whenever an external coprocessor instruction moves from the Decode to
the Execute stage.
Execute cycle whenever an external coprocessor instruction moves from the Decode to
the Execute stage.
To enable coprocessors to continue execution of coprocessor data operations while the
ARM9EJ-S core pipeline is stalled (for example, while waiting for a cache linefill to
occur), the coprocessor receives the clock CLK, and a clock enable signal CPCLKEN.
You can use these to produce a gated coprocessor clock with the circuit shown in
Figure 8-1.
ARM9EJ-S core pipeline is stalled (for example, while waiting for a cache linefill to
occur), the coprocessor receives the clock CLK, and a clock enable signal CPCLKEN.
You can use these to produce a gated coprocessor clock with the circuit shown in
Figure 8-1.
Figure 8-1 Producing a coprocessor clock
Figure 8-2 indicates the timing for these signals and when the coprocessor pipeline
must advance its state.
must advance its state.
Figure 8-2 Coprocessor clocking
CPCLKEN
Coproc clock
CLK
CLK
CPCLKEN
Coproc clock