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Chart Environmental Chambers 
 
Features 
Features 
 
❏ 
Temperature Control System: 
Heating is accomplished with resistive electric elements, while cooling is accomplished 
by blowing liquid nitrogen into the chamber.  The liquid nitrogen is vaporized through 
nozzles and the cold vapor is circulated over the products in the chamber so that liquid 
nitrogen does not touch the product under test.  Electric heaters are carefully selected and 
arranged to provide extremely rapid rates of temperature change without exceeding safe 
design limits of heat elements.  The heaters and nitrogen nozzles are located in the air 
conditioning plenum.   
 
CAUTION:  Although the chamber is designed to use very small amounts of liquid 
nitrogen, the resulting nitrogen gas is vented out of the chamber.  It is 
important to monitor the oxygen levels in the working environment around 
the chamber to ensure safe operating conditions. 
 
The liquid nitrogen control is done by a solenoid valve.  The solenoid valve is chosen for 
its compact size and high reliability.  The temperature controller tells the solenoid valve 
when to open based on the temperature inside the chamber.   
 
 
Cooling solenoid 
valve. 
Nitrogen gas 
exhaust. 
 
 
❏ 
Air Circulation Blower: 
The chamber is equipped with a non-corrosive blower wheel, which provides air 
circulation to distribute temperature controlled air and minimize thermal enclosure 
temperature gradients. Baffles provide output air openings to direct the air flow out of the 
duct and into the workspace of the chamber.  The blower is located in the air 
conditioning plenum.  The blower draws air flow across the heater and nitrogen nozzle 
and out into the workspace of the chamber. 
 
❑ 
Instruments: 
 
 
Temperature is controlled by a Watlow Series 96 temperature controller.  The input to the 
temperature controller is a type T thermocouple.  The control thermocouple is mounted in 
 
 
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