Keithley 2182A/E Digital-Multimeter, DMM, 2182A/E Datenbogen

Produktcode

2182A/E

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E & S

A Greater Measure of Confidence

www.keithley.com

1.888.KEITHLEY

(U.S. only)

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2182a

Nanovoltmeter

cancels out any constant thermoelectric offsets, so the results reflect the

true value of the voltage being measured . The improved delta mode for

the Model 2182A and the Model 622X current sources uses the same basic

technique, but the way in which it’s implemented has been simplified dra-

matically . The new technique can cancel thermoelectric offsets that drift

over time (not just static offsets), produces results in half the time of the

original technique, and allows the current source to control and configure

the Model 2182A . Two key presses are all that’s required to set up the

measurement . The improved cancellation and higher reading rates reduce

measurement noise to as little as 1nV .

Differential Conductance Measurements
Characterizing non-linear tunneling devices and low temperature devices

often requires measuring differential conductance (the derivative of a

device’s I-V curve) . When used with a Model 622X current source, the

Model 2182A is the industry’s fastest, most complete solution for differen-

tial conductance measurements, providing 10X the speed and significantly

lower noise than other instrumentation options . There’s no need to

average the results of multiple sweeps, because data can be obtained in a

single measurement pass, reducing test time and minimizing the potential

for measurement error .

Pulsed Testing with the Model 6221
When measuring small devices, introducing

even tiny amounts of heat to the DUT can raise

its temperature, skewing test results or even

destroying the device . When used with the

Model 2182A, the Model 6221’s pulse capability

minimizes the amount of power dissipated into

a DUT . The Model 2182A/6221 combination

synchronizes the pulse and measurement . A

measurement can begin as soon as 16µs after

the Model 6221 applies the pulse . The entire

pulse, including a complete nanovolt measure-

ment, can be as short as 50µs .
In the delta, differential conductance, and pulse

modes, The Model 2182A produces virtually no transient currents, so it’s

ideal for characterizing devices that can be easily disrupted by current spikes

(see Figure 4) .

Metrology applications
The Model 2182A combines the accuracy of a digital multimeter with

low noise at high speeds for high-precision metrology applications . Its

low noise, high signal observation time, fast measurement rates, and

2ppm accuracy provide the most cost-effective meter available today for

applications such as intercomparison of voltage standards and direct

measurements of resistance standards .

Nanotechnology applications
The Model 2182A combined with the Model 622X current source or Series

2400 SourceMeter

SMU instrument is a highly accurate and repeatable

solution for measuring resistances on carbon nanotube based materials

and silicon nanowires .

figure 3. It’s simple to connect the Model 2182a to the Model

6220 or 6221 to make a variety of measurements. The instrument

control example start-up software available for the Model 622X

current sources includes a step-by-step guide to setting up the

instrumentation and making proper connections.

GPIB or

Ethernet

RS-232

Trigger Link

DUT

2182A NANOVOLTMETER

6220 DC AND AC CURRENT SOURCE

Model 2182A

Model 622X

0.5

µA

100

µs

figure 4. The Model 2182a produces the lowest transient currents of any nanovoltmeter available.

Competition

2182a

2182a in delta mode

research applications
The Model 2182A’s 1nV sensitivity, thermoelectric EMF cancellation, direct

display of “true” voltage, ability to perform calculations, and high measure-

ment speed makes it ideal for determining the characteristics of materials

such as metals, low resistance filled plastics, and high and low temperature

superconductors .