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Title:  Engineering Specification: 12.1-inch AMLCD Monitor 
Page 24 of  27 
Document Number: 023-0284-00 
 
          Revision:  A 
10.0 
GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 
 
Aspect Ratio:  The ratio of width to height of a display surface.  The standard television aspect ratio is 4:3. 
 
Back Porch:  The portion of a composite display signal which lies between the trailing edges of a horizontal 
sync pulse and the corresponding blanking pulse. 
 
Black Level:  The display-signal level corresponding to a specified limit for black peaks. 
 
Blanking :  The process of decreasing (or increasing) the display-signal level so that no visible retrace will 
appear on the display screen. 
 
Blanking Level
 The level of a composite display signal which separates the range containing display 
information from the range containing synchronizing information.  Also called the pedestal level, or blacker-
than-black. 
 
Brightness:  A psycho-physiological attribute of visual perception in which a source appears to emit or reflect 
more or less light.  Its psycho-physical, photometric equivalence is luminance. 
 
Candela-per-meter-squared [cd/m
2
]:  The international unit of luminance (nits). 
 
Candle Power:  Luminous intensity expressed in candelas. 
 
CIE:  Abbreviation for the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage, formerly referred to as the International 
Commission on Illumination (ICI). 
 
Chrominance:  The colormetric difference (dominant wavelength and purity) between any color and a 
reference "white" of equal luminance.  In three-dimensional CIE color space, chrominance is a vector which 
lies in a plane of constant luminance. 
 
Chromaticity:  The color quality of light which is defined by its dominant wavelength and purity (see 
Chrominance). 
 
Chromaticity Value:  The scalar value of any one component of a three-component color (also called a 
tristimulus value).  The unit value of each component is the amount of that component added to the other two 
components to produce a reference "white". 
 
Color Data :  The programmed values which determine the amplitudes of the signal which drive a color 
display. 
 
Color Saturation:  A psycho-physiological measurement of the degree to which a color appears to be free of 
white light. 
 
Color Temperature:  The temperature to which a black body must be heated to produce a color matching that 
of the source. 
 
Contrast:  The ratio between the maximum and minimum luminance values of a display. 
 
dB (Decibel):  A measure of the ratio of two signals.  The dB value is 20 x log
10
 of a voltage or current ratio or 
10 x log
10
 of a power ratio.