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Power Management
Intel
®
 Xeon
®
 and Intel
®
 Core™ Processors For Communications Infrastructure
Datasheet - Volume 1 of 2
May 2012
50
Document Number: 327405
-
001
6.2.1
Enhanced Intel SpeedStep
®
 Technology
The following are the key features of Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology:
• Multiple frequency and voltage points for optimal performance and power 
efficiency. These operating points are known as P-states.
• Frequency selection is software controlled by writing to processor MSRs. The 
voltage is optimized based on the selected frequency and the number of active 
processor cores.
— If the target frequency is higher than the current frequency, V
CC
 is ramped up 
in steps to an optimized voltage. This voltage is signaled by the SVID bus to the 
voltage regulator. Once the voltage is established, the PLL locks on to the 
target frequency.
— If the target frequency is lower than the current frequency, the PLL locks to the 
target frequency, then transitions to a lower voltage by signaling the target 
voltage on the SVID bus.
— All active processor cores share the same frequency and voltage. In a multi-
core processor, the highest frequency P-state requested amongst all active 
cores is selected.
— Software-requested transitions are accepted at any time. If a previous 
transition is in progress, the new transition is deferred until the previous 
transition is completed.
• The processor controls voltage ramp rates internally to ensure glitch-free 
transitions.
• Because there is low transition latency between P-states, a significant number of 
transitions per-second are possible.
6.2.2
Low-Power Idle States
When the processor is idle, low-power idle states (C-states) are used to save power. 
More power savings actions are taken for numerically higher C-states. However, higher 
C-states have longer exit and entry latencies. Resolution of C-states occur at the 
thread, processor core, and processor package level. Thread-level C-states are 
available if Intel Hyper-Threading Technology is enabled.
Note:
Long term reliability cannot be assured unless all the Low Power Idle States are 
enabled. 
Figure 6-2. Idle Power Management Breakdown of the Processor Cores
Processor Package State
Core 1 State
Thread 1
Thread 0
Core 0 State
Thread 1
Thread 0