Lucent Technologies PortMaster Manual Do Utilizador

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Networking Concepts
A-7
Network Addressing
Netmasks
A netmask is a four-octet number that identifies either a supernetwork (supernet) or a 
subnetwork (subnet). A netmask that designates a subnet is called a subnet mask.
Using Subnet Masks to Create IP Subnets
Subnet masks are used to divide networks into smaller, more manageable groups of 
hosts known as subnets. Subnetting is a scheme for imposing a hierarchy on hosts on a 
single physical network. The usual practice is to use the first few bits in the host portion 
of the network address for a subnet field. RFC 950, Internet Standard Subnetting Procedure
describes subnetting.
A subnet mask identifies the subnet field of a network address. This mask is a 32-bit 
number written in dotted decimal notation with all 1s (ones) in the network and subnet 
portions of the address, and all 0s (zeros) in the host portion. This scheme allows for the 
identification of the host portion of any address on the network.
Table A-3 shows the subnet masks you can use to divide a class C network into subnets.
Table A-3
Subnet Masks for a Class C Network 
Length 
(Subnet 
Bits)
Number of 
Subnets
Number of 
Hosts per 
Subnet
Hexadecimal 
Subnet Mask
Dotted Decimal 
Subnet Mask
24
1
254
0xffffff00
255.255.255.0
25
2
126
0xffffff80
255.255.255.128
26
4
62
0xffffffc0
255.255.255.192
27
8
30
0xffffffe0
255.255.255.224
28
16
14
0xfffffff0
255.255.255.240
29
32
6
0xfffffff8
255.255.255.248
30
64
2
0xfffffffc
255.255.255.252
32
256
1
0xffffffff
255.255.255.255