для Cisco Cisco 1900 2900 3900 Series 4-Port Gigabit Ethernet HS-WIC with PoE

 shows a GSM network and the network elements it contains.

The Base Transceiver Station (BTS) and Base Station Controller (BSC) are located at the Cell site and 
are the common nodes for both voice and data services. They provide the radio or the physical layer 
connectivity between the mobile user and the mobile network. 

As the BSC voice and data traffic get segregated, the voice traffic goes to the Mobile Switching Center 
(MSC), while the data traffic is sent to the GGSN. From the GGSN, the data packets either go directly 
to the internet or they can be backhauled to the customer data center for a VPN connection. 

UMTS is a 3G wireless system that delivers high-bandwidth data and voice services to mobile users. 
UMTS evolved from GSM. UMTS has a new air interface based on GSM and an IP core network based 
on general-packet radio service (GPRS). The nodes in a UMTS network are almost the same as in a 
GSM/GPRS network. 

BTS and BSC have been renamed to Node B and Radio Network Controller (RNC), respectively. UMTS 
addresses the growing demand of mobile and Internet applications for new capacity in the overcrowded 
mobile communications sky. The new network increases transmission speed to 2 Mb/s per mobile user 
and establishes a global roaming standard.

High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) is a collection of two mobile protocols, High Speed Downlink Packet 
Access (HSDPA) and High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), that extend and improve the 
performance of existing CDMA/UMTS protocols. 

HSDPA and HSUPA provide increased performance by using improved modulation schemes and by 
refining the protocols by which 3G modem and base stations communicate. These improvements lead to 
a better utilization of the existing radio bandwidth provided by CDMA. 

HSPA improves the end-user experience by increasing peak data rates of up to 14 Mb/s in the downlink 
and 5.76 Mb/s in the uplink. It also reduces latency and provides up to five times more system capacity 
in the downlink and up to twice as much system capacity in the uplink, reducing the production cost per 
bit compared to original CDMA protocols.

MSC

GGSN/

PDSN

PSTN

Internet

BTS/BSC

Branch Office

with Cellular EHWIC

HQ

Voice

Data

Leased Line

(MPLS, FR, Fiber)

BTS: Base Transceiver Stations
BSC: Base Station Controller
MSC: Mobile Switching Center
SGSN: Service GPRS Support Node
GGSN: Gateway SPRS Support Node

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