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LMb
LECTROSONICS, INC.
4
        
Filters
(3)
LMb Transmitter
Keypad
(2) AA 
Batteries
Oscillator
Oscillator
I2S
I2S
Voltage Controlled 
Oscillator
Final 
Amplifier
Driver
Bicolor 
Modulation 
LEDs
Control
Micro Clock
PLL Ref
Encoded 
Audio and 
Pilot Tone
Buffer Amp 
and Filter
Phase Locked Loop
DSP Cloc
k
Switching 
Power 
Supply
Microprocessor
Tricolor 
Power 
LED
AUDIO
D-A 
Converter
A-D 
Converter
Shunt 
Limiter
Limiter Control
Gain 
Adj
HI/Lo 
Pass 
Filter
Input 
Preamp
Input 
Jack
Bias Voltage 
0, 2 or 4V
Servo Bias 
Supply
+5V
AUDIO
Pilot Tone Squelch
The squelch system in a receiver is a method of muting 
the audio when the RF signal conditions are too poor 
to produce usable audio. While not all squelch systems 
work the same way, the goal is always the same: to 
discard noise and unusable audio.
The Digital Hybrid Wireless system employs a DSP-
generated supersonic tone (pilot tone), using it as a 
kind of signature, so the receiver can mute even strong 
signals that aren’t from the appropriate transmitter. The 
pilot tone also helps to ensure that the receiver is quiet 
when the transmitter is turned on and off.
256 different pilot tones provide reliable operation in 
multi-channel wireless systems. A different tone is 
generated every 100 kHz across the tuning range of 
the system, so that a tone is not repeated until it is 25.6 
MHz above or below the previous one.
DSP-controlled Input Limiter
The transmitter employs a digitally-controlled analog 
audio limiter prior to the analog-to-digital converter. 
The limiter has a range greater than 30 dB for excellent 
overload protection. A dual release envelope makes the 
limiter acoustically transparent while maintaining low 
distortion. It can be thought of as two limiters in series, 
connected as a fast attack and release limiter followed 
by a slow attack and release limiter. The limiter recovers 
quickly from brief transients, so that its action is hidden 
from the listener, but recovers slowly from sustained 
high levels to keep audio distortion low and preserve 
short term dynamic changes in the audio.
No Pre-Emphasis/De-Emphasis
Because the signal to noise ratio of the Digital Hybrid 
Wireless
®
 system is so high, there is no need for con-
ventional pre-emphasis (HF boost) in the transmitter 
and de-emphasis (HF roll off) in the receiver. Thus, the 
potential distortion problems associated with pre-em-
phasis and de-emphasis are eliminated.
LMb Block Diagram