Roland C-190 用户手册

 Transposing (same fingering, different notes)

C-190 Portable Organ 

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Like all digital instruments, the C-190 relies on the 
standard tuning system for western music, where the 
distance (interval) between any two semitones of an 
octave is the same. This is called “equal temperament”.

Not so long ago, however, other tunings were used for 
classical western music. These tunings are characterized 
by varying intervals between the semitones of an 
octave. The C-190 allows you to select from among five 
different tuning methods (“temperaments”):

(1) Hold down [0] while pressing one of the following 

buttons:

See step (2) to specify the key of the selected temper-
ament.

Mean Tone: A partial compromise of the Just Major 
tuning (purer tuning than “Equal”), created to make 
transposition possible. As the intervals between two 
neighboring semitones depends on their pitch, this 
temperament may sound out of tune to untrained 
ears.

Pythagorean: Developed in ancient Greece as a 
method of tuning that resolved the ambiguity of 
fourths and fifths. As a result, melodies sound 
cleaner, while triads may appear to be flat.

Kirnberger: This temperament is relatively tolerant 
towards transposition, and can be used to play in all 
keys.

Werckmeister III: A combination of the Mean Tone 
and Pythagorean tunings. This tuning can be used in 
all keys.

Equal: With this tuning, the octave is divided into 
twelve equal intervals. Regardless of the interval, very 
little ambiguity is produced.

For the Mean Tone and Pythagorean temperaments, 
you also need to specify the key in which you want to 
play: 

(2) Hold down the [0] button while pressing the key on 

the keyboard that corresponds to the tonic of the 
desired key.
When performing in ensemble with other instru-
ments, be aware that, depending on the key, there 
may be some shifting of the pitch. The other instru-
ments should therefore also use the selected temper-
ament.

Note: When you play back a recorded song, it always uses the 
last temperament you selected here.

You can have the C-190 sound in a different key while 
still playing the same notes on the keyboard. That way, 
even songs originally written in a difficult key with 
many 

#/sharps or b/flats (i.e. many black keys), can be 

played in a more convenient way. This is especially use-
ful when you are used to playing a given piece in one 
key, while someone else prefers another key: just 
change the TRANSPOSE setting and you’re there.

Note: The transposition remains in effect until you change it or 
switch off the C-190. This setting cannot be saved.

• While holding down the [TRANSPOSE] button, press 

the tonic (root) of the key to which you want to 
transpose.

The [TRANSPOSE] button lights.

–OR–

• Hold down the [TRANSPOSE] button while selecting 

the desired interval with the [DOWN] or [UP] button.
This is a littler trickier, because there is no visual 
feedback. You therefore have to count the number of 
presses. Each press corresponds to a semi-tone.

• To return to normal pitch, hold down the 

[TRANSPOSE] button while pressing a C key (or 
[DOWN] + [UP]). The [TRANSPOSE] button goes dark.

■Example: playing in C but sounding in E

If you want the E pitch to sound whenever you press 
a C key, hold down the [TRANSPOSE] button and 
press an E key.

Note: The transposition only applies to the notes you play on 
the C-190’s keyboard or a PK-series pedal board. It does not 
apply to note messages received via the MIDI IN connector, or 
the notes played by the Recorder.

[0] + [1]

Mean Tone

[0] + [2]

Pythagorean

[0] + [3]

Kirnberger

[0] + [4]

Werckmeister III

[0] + [M1/2]

Equal (default)